ZnO nanoparticles synthesis and assessment of their efficacy on rice (Oryza sativa L.) and mungbean (Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek)
Loading...
Date
2018-05
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand)
Abstract
An experiment to assess the efficacy of ZnO nanoparticles on rice and mungbean crops, was conducted in kharif season of the year 2017 in glass house at College of Agriculture of G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar. The experiment was laid out in a three factorial experiment with CRD with two mode of application viz., seed soaking (in mungbean)/ seedling root dip (in rice) and foliar spray with ZnOG and ZnOC and tested with 0, 10, 20 and 50 ppm concentration replicated thrice. The confirmation of ZnO nanoparticles and its size and shape were studied under SEM and UV-vis spectroscopy. The particle size ranged from 74 to 148 nm with an average of 111 nm with triangular to spheroidal shape (in ZnOG) whereas it ranged from 180 to 250 nm with an average of 215 nm and spherical in shape (in ZnOC). The size of the ZnOG was much smaller than ZnOC. The absorption peakmax was recorded at 368 and 371 nm wavelength for ZnOG and ZnOC, thereby confirming the formation of ZnO nanoparticles. The results revealed that ZnO nanoparticles at varying levels of concentration i.e. 10, 20 and 50 ppm significantly increased the growth and yield parameters. Highest grain, straw and biomass yield was recorded at 50 ppm in rice while it was recorded best at 20 ppm in mungbean. Among sources, both ZnOG and ZnOC showed comparable effects on growth and yield parameters. Among mode of application, the response of seedling root dip and seed soaking were better to foliar spray during early growth periods whereas foliar spray was better during later stages in both the crops. The content and uptake of zinc by both rice and mungbean crops were greatly influenced by concentration, source and mode of application. Highest content and uptake was recorded at 50 ppm and foliar spray was found superior to seedling root dip or seed soaking. Both the sources were at par with each other. ZnUE in terms of AE, RE, PE and IUE was recorded maximum at 10 ppm and decreased drastically thereafter up to 50 ppm. However, the efficacy of ZnOG was better than ZnOC. Seedling root dip and seed soaking was found better than foliar spray. ZnOG nanoparticles at 10 ppm with seedling root dip (in rice) and seed soaking (in mungbean) greatly influenced the use efficiency of zinc by the crops at an economical cost and found beneficial as 48, 26, 36; 28, 18, 24 (AE); 23, 20, 22; 13, 14, 14 (PE); 14, 23, 29; 21, 30,37 (IUE) for mode of application, source, concentration of ZnOG for rice and mungbean crops, respectively. AE and PE was recorded highest with rice whereas IUE with mungbean, respectively thereby indicating more response exhibited by rice to zinc as compared to mungbean. From this study, it is concluded that ZnO nanoparticles played an important role in increasing the zinc use efficiency of crops to a great extent.