PHENOTYPIC STABILITY FOR GRAIN YIELD AND ITS CONTRIBUTING CHARACTERS USING DIFFERENT STABILITY MODELS IN BREAD WHEAT (Triticum aestivum L. em. Thell
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2015-04
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Abstract
Key words: Bread wheat, genotype x environment interaction, stability, regression
The genotype x environment interaction is of major concern in plant breeding
programmes. Number of statistical methods have been developed to analyse G x E
interaction and thereby to evaluate phenotypic stability of genotypes. However, the
literature on comparison of stability analysis model is very scanty. The present study
was undertaken to compare some stability analysis models. For this purpose eighty
genotype of bread wheat were evaluated at two different locations viz., Wheat
Research Station and Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Khapat (Porbandar), Junagadh
Agricultural University, Junagadh during the Rabi 2009-10 in a randomized complete
block design with three replication. Four environments were created by sowing crop
in two different dates of sowing at two locations i.e. E1 (normal sowing at Khapat), E2
(late sowing at Khapat), E3 (normal sowing at Junagadh), E4 (late sowing at
Junagadh).
The data on days to 50% flowering, days to maturity, plant height (cm),
number of effective tillers per plant, peduncle length (cm), flag leaf area (cm2), length
of main spike (cm), number of spikelets per spike, number of grains per spike, 1000-
grain weight (g), biological yield per plant (g), harvest index (%) and grain yield per
plant (g) were recorded and analysed. Three stability analysis models proposed by
Eberhart and Russell (1966), Perkins and Jinks (1968) and Freeman and Perkins
(1971) were compared empirically for their efficiency. Additive main effects and
multiplicative interaction (AMMI) analysis was also attempted in this study to
evaluate 80 bread wheat genotypes established in four environments using grain yield
data in order to determine the magnitude of G x E interaction and to identify stable
and adaptable genotypes.
Differential relative response to different genotypes to different environments
were observed for grain yield and other characters under study.
The ranking of genotypes for grain yield per plant showed that none of the
genotype had same rank in all the environments. The genotype MACS 2496, GW 322,
PBN 4456 and J 24 ranked first in E1, E2, E3 and E4 environments respectively.
Analysis showed in general, that none of the genotype remained constant at first
position in all the environments.
Ranking pattern of genotypes based on stability parameters viz., regression
was similar in all three models of stability indicating that there was similarity in
prediction of performance and prediction of stability in all the three models. There
was non-significant correlation between mean and deviation from regression of ER
model indication that prediction of stability performance was easy. Thus on the basis
of correlation among mean regression values (bEi, Bi and bFi) and deviation from
regression (S2di (E) and S2di (F)), it could be concluded that the prediction was
moreover similar in all the three models.
The stability analysis by using Eberhart and Russell (1966) model for all the
characters under study revealed that none the genotypes found stable for all the
characters. However genotypes J 91-10 and P 11616 looked promising as they
produced high grain yield per plant under four environmental conditions. It means
these two genotypes can be designated for timely and late sowing conditions at
Junagadh and Khapat locations. But still there is a need to evaluate them for more
years.
As per Perkins and Jinks (1968) model, 14 genotypes were found promising in
giving stable performance for grain yield per plant across the environments. Most of
the genotypes were found common in both models. Twenty five genotypes produced
stable grain yield as per the model of Freeman and Perkins (1971).
The AMMI analysis for grain yield data shows that model was found not
multiplicative hence the environments had the lowest effects. All the three principal
component were non-significant genotype or environments situated on the same
parallel line reactive to the ordinate has same yield capacity, while those located on
the right side of the midpoint of the axis has slightly higher grain yield in few
genotypes only than those on the left side. Therefore, biplot showed solitary group of
genotypes.
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BREAD WHEAT