Behaviour of Onion Growers Towards Integrated Pest Management Practices (IPM) in Jodhpur District of Rajasthan
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Date
2022-10-12
Authors
Gurjar, Kamlesh
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Agriculture University, Jodhpur
Abstract
Integrated Pest Management (IPM) is an ecological strategy that focuses on
long-term solution of pest through combination of techniques viz. biological control,
habitat manipulation, modification of agronomical practices and use of resistant
varieties. Application of a single practice to control a specific organism does not mean
IPM, even that practice is an essential element of IPM system. Integration of multiple
pest suppression techniques has the highest probability of sustaining long-term crop
protection. Generally, farmers use pesticides to controlling insect-pests in Onion crop
but they are harmful for soil as well as human health. Therefore, it’s important that
IPM practice should be adopted so, maintain soil fertility and productivity.
Onionis important vegetable as well as spicecrop and have huge demand in
India. Like other vegetables, high yield of Onion is not obtained due to a various
constraints. Pests and diseases are major constraints in Onion production. Pests such
as mites, thrips, armyworms, cutworms, leaf miner and disease like damping off,
purple blotch, leaf blight and colletotrichum blight. Out of these Onion thrips
(Thripstabaci) is a key pest of that cause 35-45 percent yield loss annually. It is also
acts as vector for various viral diseases. This warrants an integrated approach to
minimize the yield loss and to obtain good quality marketable bulb.
The rapid transfer of improved cultivation practices from lab to land (from
research stations to the vegetable growers) would help to thousands of vegetable
growers in India.
It was observed in study that IPM practices are very essential for the
sustainable development of study “Behaviour of Onion Growers towards
Integrated Pest Management Practices in Jodhpur District of Rajasthan” the
study replied the following objectives.
1) To study the socio-economic status of Onion growers.
2) To measure the extent of utilization behaviour of IPM practices of Onion
growers.
3) To ascertain the relationship between the selected variables with utilization
behaviour.
4) To find out the constraints in utilization of IPM practices in Onion
cultivation
Study was conducted in purposely selected Jodhpur district of Rajasthan.
The Jodhpur district had sixteen panchayat samities, out of 16 panchayat samiteis
namely Tinwari and Osian were selected based on highest area production of Onion
cultivation. A complete list of villages with area and production of Onion cultivation
were collected from Department of Agriculture Jodhpur, Rajasthan from the identified
panchayat samities. Out of ten villages i.e. six from Tiwari and four from Osian were
selected. The sample size of 120 respondents. The were farmer interviewed personally
by a well-structured interview schedule. The data were collected, tabulated and
interpreted using suitable statistical tools.
Major findings
The overall socio-economic of Onion growers majority of (60.00%) Onion
growers belonged to middle age group (From 36 to 53 years), other backward class of
the Onion growers suggests that majority (69.17%), and 79.17% had agriculture as
their main occupation, 20.83% were educated high school, 54.17% had single nuclear
family, 71.67% belonged to medium income from Rs.100000 to 250000, 54.17%
possessed medium land holding and most of the Onion growers 58.33% member of
one organization 74.17%, middle level extension contact, and were having 63.33%
medium level of mass media exposure. Onion growers were having medium socio economic status.
It is evident from the study that as a whole majority of farmers (65.83%) had
medium utilization of IPM practices followed by high (19.17 %) and low utilization
(15.00%).
The highest level of utilization was found in respect of application of
“cultural practices” was summer ploughing (MPS 75.00, rank I) followed by crop
rotation (MPS 71.72, rank II), “Mechincal/physical practices” mass trapping of pests
(MPS 65.44, rank I), destruction of crop residues (MPS 59.39, rank II), “Biological
practices” conservation of natural enemies (MPS 51.39 rank I), use of parasitoids
(MPS 51.11, rank II) “Chemical practices” use of pesticides (MPS 63.72,rank I) and
safe application of pesticides (MPS 59.89, rank II), respectively.
The results of correlation between the independent & dependent variables
showed that the occupation, education, family income, land holding, social
participation, extension contacts, mass media exposure were positively and
significantly correlated at 0.05 per cent level of significant. However, the variables
like age, caste and type of family had shown non - significant relationship with the
utilization of IPM practices by the respondents.
The major technological constraints found in the cultivation of Onion was
“Lack of knowledge about the life cycle of pests and their infection on vegetables”
(MPS 74.44 rank I) followed by the economical constraint found in cultivation of
Onion, was “non-availability of neem cake at the local level / high cost of neem cake
(MPS 72.78 rank I), marketing constraints found in cultivation of Onion, was “lack of
market facilities in the local areas” (MPS 76.94 rank I), miscellaneous constraint
found in cultivation of Onion, was “lack of co-ordination between various services,
supply of marketing agencies” (MPS 77.78 rank I).
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Citation
Gurjar, Kamlesh 2022. Behaviour of Onion Growers Towards Integrated Pest Management Practices (IPM) in Jodhpur District of Rajasthan. M.Sc. Thesis, College of Agriculture, Agriculture University, Jodhpur