APPRAISAL OF CARBON DYNAMICS UNDER ORGANICALLY GROWN CROPPING SYSTEMS IN SEMI-ARID AGRO ECOSYSTEMS.
| dc.contributor.advisor | Konde, Dr. N. M. | |
| dc.contributor.author | MANKAR, EKTA PRAMOD. | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2024-01-07T00:09:13Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2024-01-07T00:09:13Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 2023-01-12 | |
| dc.description.abstract | An investigation was undertaken to study the “Appraisal of carbon dynamics under organically grown cropping systems in semi-arid agro ecosystems”. The experiment was initiated from the year 2018-19 and the present investigation was conducted during 2021-22 at Research Farm, Centre for Organic Agriculture Research and Training, Department of Agronomy, Akola, Maharashtraduring kharif 2022 with objective to assess the carbon pools under major cropping systems and correlation of carbon pools with soil properties and yield of various crops. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design (RBD) with seven treatments consisting cropping systems viz. cotton (sole), cotton + sunhemp (2:1), cotton + blackgram (2:1), soybean + pigeonpea (3:1), blackgram - chickpea (rabi), greengram + sorghum (2:1) and sunhemp (sole), replicated three times. To meet out the nutritional requirement of organic crops the nutrients were supplied through FYM and vermicompost based on nitrogen - 50% N through FYM + 50% N through vermicompost. The compensation of phosphorus was made available through PROM (Phosphate rich organic manure). Similarly, the sunhemp was buried in soil after 35 to 40 days of sowing, while other intercrops were harvested and the residues of the same were incorporated in the soil after harvest. Soil and plant samples were analysed after harvest of crops. Soil samples for biological properties were collected 35-40 DAS and immediately analysed. Soil samples at the surface (0-20 cm) and subsurface (20-40 cm) levels were analysed for assessing carbon pools. Based on the results generated, the lowest bulk density of soil (1.42 Mg m-3), maximum hydraulic conductivity (0.76 cm hr-1) and mean weight diameter (0.73 mm) were recorded with Cotton + Sunhemp intercropping system. Soil pH (8.04 to 8.11) and electrical conductivity (0.13 to 0.15 dS m-1) were reduced over the initial value (8.12 & 0.16 dS m-1). The significant improvement in soil organic carbon was noted in Cotton + Sunhemp (6.09 g kg-1) and it was found statistically at par with Sole Sunhemp (5.97 g kg-1) and Soybean + Pigeon pea intercropping (5.83 g kg-1). The calcium carbonate of soil reduced from 3.57 to 3.48 % over the initial 3.69 % and was found significant. The highest available nitrogen (209.27 kg ha-1), available phosphorus (22.28 kg ha-1) and available potassium (354.26 kg ha-1) was recorded in Soybean + Pigeonpea intercropping system which could be attributed to the application of FYM, vermicompost and incorporation of shedded biomass of intercrops. Also, the highest uptake of nitrogen (134.95 kg ha-1), uptake of phosphorus (13.17 kg ha-1) and uptake of potassium (46.81 kg ha-1) was recorded in Soybean + Pigeonpea intercropping system. Significantly higher CO2 evolution (35.4 mg 100 g-1 soil) and dehydrogenase activity (47.66 μg TPF g-1 24hr-1) was observed in Cotton + Sunhemp intercropping system which was found at par with Sole Sunhemp and Soybean + Pigeon pea intercropping systems. Carbon pools viz., very labile C (4.04 g kg-1), labile C (1.29 g kg-1) and less labile C (0.93 g kg-1) were recorded higher in surface soil (0-20 cm) with treatment of Cotton + Sunhemp, while non-labile C (5.13 g kg-1) was recorded higher in sole Cotton. The active pool contributed 44.96 per cent in surface soil (0-20 cm) to total organic carbon of soil and 45.54 percent in subsurface soil (20-40 cm). The passive pool contributed relatively higher 55.04 percent in surface soil (0-20 cm) to total organic carbon of soil and 54.46 per cent in subsurface soil (20-40 cm). Higher carbon pool as influenced by organically grown intercropping system was in the surface soil (0-20 cm) as compared to subsurface soil (20-40 cm). The passive pool of carbon dominated the active pool of carbon in the soil. The abundance of soil organic carbon fractions followed the order CNL> CVL> CL >CLL. Significantly higher seed yield (1213 kg ha-1) was reported with Soybean + Pigeon pea intercropping system. However, in respect of cotton, the highest seed yield (1027 kg ha-1) and stalk yield (2465 kg ha-1) was recorded with the Cotton + Sunhemp treatment. The highest system equivalent yield was recorded with Soybean + Pigeon pea intercropping system (1718 kg ha-1). The different organically grown cropping systems played a vital role in enhancing soil properties and carbon pools. However, organically grown Soybean + Pigeonpea have found to be beneficial in improving availability of nutrients, uptake of nutrients and system equivalent yield. However, Cotton + Sunhemp and an application of sole Sunhemp recorded significant results in respect of yield of cotton, carbon pools and other properties of soil. Hence, Cotton + Sunhemp and Soybean + Pigeonpea were found to be suitable under organically grown cropping systems to obtain higher productivity, improved soil properties and enhanced carbon pools under semi-arid agro ecosystems. | |
| dc.identifier.citation | MANKAR, EKTA PRAMOD.(2022).Appraisal of carbon dynamics under organically grown cropping systems in semi-arid agro ecosystems. Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola. M. Sc. 2022. Print. xv, 107p. (unpublished). | |
| dc.identifier.uri | https://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/5810205908 | |
| dc.language.iso | English | |
| dc.pages | xv, 107p. | |
| dc.publisher | Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth Akola, Maharashtra | |
| dc.research.problem | Presentinvestigation has been framed to identify the extent of organic carbon and other properties of soil under organically grown cropping systems. The researcher has also tried to assess the carbon pools under major cropping systems and the correlation of carbon pools with soil properties. | |
| dc.sub | Soil Science and Agriculture Chemistry | |
| dc.theme | The study was undertaken to find out the effect of FYM, vermicompost, crop residue and in-situ residue recycling through intercropping on the distribution of organic carbon and residual fertility of the soil. The adoption of legumes as an intercrop and their in situ mulching helps to produce potential biomass which enhances the status of organic carbon in soil under various intercropping systems. | |
| dc.these.type | M.Sc | |
| dc.title | APPRAISAL OF CARBON DYNAMICS UNDER ORGANICALLY GROWN CROPPING SYSTEMS IN SEMI-ARID AGRO ECOSYSTEMS. | |
| dc.type | Thesis |