Microbiological studies on reproductive disorders of canines
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Date
2022-12-03
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Palampur
Abstract
For centuries, dogs have been considered to be man’s best friend. Diseases related to
reproductive tract are quite common in canine practice. The present study was carried out
with the objective to find out the association of different microbes in reproductive disorders
of canines and determination of the antimicrobial susceptibility profile of the isolated
microbes. Additionally, the bacterial enumeration of the obtained samples and minimum
inhibitory concentration of the antimicrobials were also determined. Molecular detection of
Brucella spp. was done employing PCR. A total number of 102 samples were collected from
different places of Himachal Pradesh. These were accrued from dogs [both males (11) and
females (91)] suffering from any reproductive disorders (purulent vaginitis, pyometra,
dystocia, abortion, orchitis, etc.) as well as from apparently healthy dogs. The samples
included vaginal swabs, uterine discharge, aborted foetus, preputial swabs and washings.
The most frequently recorded reproductive disorder was of purulent vaginitis (15/102; 14.71
per cent) followed by pyometra (11/102;10.78 per cent). The age group of 2-5 years were
mostly affected (46.07 per cent). A total of 124 isolates were recovered from 102 samples
of which 112 (90.32 per cent) were bacterial isolates and 12 (9.68 per cent) were fungal
isolates. The most prevalent bacteria obtained was E.coli (21.77 per cent) followed by
Staphylococcus spp. (15.32 per cent) and Pseudomonas spp. (7.3%) while the most
commonly isolated yeast was Candida spp. (4.84 per cent). The antimicrobial susceptibility
profile of the recovered bacterial isolates revealed enrofloxacin (94.49 per cent) to be the
most effective drug while fluconazole (100 per cent) was recorded as the most effective
antimycotic agent. Bacterial enumeration revealed significant difference in the number of
bacteria (cfu/ml) in diseased dogs in comparison to apparently healthy dogs which makes the
quantitative analysis reliable. The obtained MIC value of different antimicrobials showed
correlation with their resistance pattern in the AMST. 13 out of 102 samples (12.7 per cent)
were positive for the genus Brucella (bcsp31) through PCR, however no isolates were
obtained through standard procedures of isolation.. In conclusion, the study recorded
plethora of microbial species associated with various reproductive disorders in canines along
with their antimicrobial patterns.