TOXICOPATHOLOGICAL STUDIES OF KETOPROFEN IN LAYER CHICKS
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Date
2012
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AAU, Anand
Abstract
The present research work was conducted on 100 day old BV-300 layer chicks to study the toxicopathological effects of repeated dose (21 days) of ketoprofen. Layer chicks were randomly divided into 4 different groups each containing 25 chicks. Chicks of group II to IV were given 5, 15 and 25 mg/kg b. wt. ketoprofen by oral gavage for 21 days whereas, group I was kept as control. After completion of 21 days treatment, blood samples were collected for plasma biochemical analysis from right jugular vein. At the end of experiment birds were sacrificed by means of cervical dislocation. A detailed necropsy examination was performed and gross lesions were recorded. Tissue samples (kidney, liver, lung, heart, spleen and intestine) were collected in 10% formalin solution for histopathological examination. In the experiment, extent and severity of observed symptoms varied according to the dose administered to the chicks. Dullness, lethargy, lameness, anorexia, feather plucking and uneven growth like symptoms were noticed in chicks of treatment groups III and IV only. Maximum mortality was observed in group IV (20%) followed by group III (4%). A dose dependant reduction in body weight was found in all the treatment groups. The mean values of Kidney: Body weight ratio were significantly (p < 0.05) increased in group III whereas, highly significant (p < 0.01) increased in group IV. There was a marginal reduction in feed consumption in group IV followed by group III and II. Highest FCR of 1.90 was observed in group IV followed by 1.86 in group III, 1.84 in group II and lowest 1.83 was recorded in group I at the end of experiment. The plasma uric acid, creatinine, and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) values were significantly (p < 0.05) increased in treatment group III whereas highly significantly (p < 0.01) increased in group IV. The plasma Aspartate aminotransferase (AST), Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) values were significantly (p < 0.05) increased in treatment group IV. Dose dependant pathological changes in different organs exposed to ketoprofen at three different dose levels were revealed in layer chicks. Grossly, white chalky urate deposits of varying degree in the kidney were observed in chicks which died during experiment from treatment group III and IV. Histopathologically, the lesions were characterized by congestion, degeneration, necrosis, haemorrhage and deposition of uric acid crystals. Kidney was the main target organ affected. The overall lesions gave an impression that ketoprofen was nephrotoxic in nature. -The distribution and intensity of pathological lesions were more severe in chicks of group IV, followed by chicks of group III.
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Keywords
VETERINARY PATHOLOGY, A STUDY