Studies on seed quality with special reference to seed health in rice(Oryza sativa L)
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Date
2009-05-28
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University of Agricultural Sciences, Bengaluru
Abstract
Studies were conducted to reveal influence of provenances on seed
quality, mycoflora and efficacy of seed treatment to prolong seed viability
and to control seed mycoflora on 140 samples including 74 genotypes
collected from different Agro-climatic regions of Karnataka.
The experimental results revealed that seed germination varied
among the different provenance. Test weight ranged from 12.83g (BPT-
5204, Zone-6) to 32.34g (IET-29926, Zone-10). Vigour index ranged from
4072 (IR57773, Zone-10) to 1289 (Jyothi, Zone-4). Lowest and highest
electrical conductivity of 66 dSm-1 and 326 dSm-1was recorded in
Shakthi and KHRS-26, respectively produced at Zone-10. Provinces viz.,
Zone-2 (BPT-5204), Zone-3 (IET-13684, IET-14238), Zone-4 (IR-64),
Zone-5 (MTU-1001 and Jyothi), Zone-6 (Marutheru), Zone-7 (Rasi and
IR-30864), Zone-8 (Emergency Sona, Jaya and Shikaripura local), Zone-9
(IET-57773, Intan and Padmarekha) and Zone-10 (IET-9926, Hemavathi,
KRHS-10 and KRHS-26) recorded highest seed quality and found
congenial for quality seed production. The different mycoflora found on
genotypes were Drechslera oryzae, Curvularia sp., Epicoccum sp.,
Nigrospora sp., Pyricularia oryzae, Rhizoctonia solani, Rhizopus sp.,
Sarocladium oryzae, Trichoconis padwickii, Alternaria sp., Aspergillus sp.,
Cladosporium sp., and Fusarium sp. Per cent seed mycoflora encountered
with respect to genotype and location varied across the provenance.
Highest range of infection was with Drechslera oryzae (0 to14%) in Zone-
7 and least (2-6%) was in Zone-2. Whereas, highest (0-12%) infection of
Pyricularia oryzae was in Zone-7 and least was in Zone -2 and 6 (0-4%).
Samples with higher seed mycoflora were treated with fungicides
viz.,captan, mancozeb, carbendazim and thiram @ 2g/kg and stored in
200 gauge polythene bags for one year, which revealed that carbendazim
significantly recorded higher Vigour index (2432) compared to other
chemicals. IET-13684 and BPT-5204 produced at Raichur and Sirguppa
treated with thiram and captan maintained higher germinability (95%)
up to one year.
Field experiment with fungicidal sprays at 50% flowering, milky
stage and physiological maturity during kharif 2002 at Ponnampet and
Mandya with cultivars Shalivahana and Rasi, respectively reveled
significant increase in seed yield, quality and reduction in mycoflora with
Tricyclozole @ 0.06 per cent sprayed at three growth stages of seed crop
at ponnampet with variety Shalivahana.
Among the 21 rice hybrids evaluated for seed quality, Loknath
recorded highest test weight (24.50g), germination (97%) and lowest EC
(176dSm-1). Hybrid MRB-5180 recorded lowest number of discoloured
(3%) seeds and Proagro-6210 recorded highest seedling length (40.62 cm)
and Vigour index (3817). Hybrids Loknath, PRH-123 and MRB-5180
recorded highest seed quality parameters.
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