A STUDY ON THE KNOWLEDGE AND ADOPTION OF THE RECOMMENDED PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGIES BY THE REDGRAM GROWERS OF PRAKASAM DISTRICT OF ANDHRA PRADESH
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Date
2019
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ACHARYA N G RANGA AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY, GUNTUR
Abstract
Redgarm is scientifically known as Cajanus cajan and it is commonly known as Arhar in India. The center of origin is peninsular India. It is common food grain in Asia, Africa and Latin America. About 81.49 per cent of world's redgarm production comes from India. In India, redgram is grown in 294.65 lakh hectares with production of 22.95 million tonnes with productivity of 779 kg per hectare. In Andhra Pradesh, redgarm is grown in an area of 14.76 lakh hectares with a production of 4.43 million tones with an average productivity of 235 kg/ha.
An ex-post facto research design was followed. The study was conducted in Prakasam district of Andhra Pradesh state during the year 2017-18.
Prakasam district of Andhra Pradesh was selected, out of 56 mandals, three mandals were selected randomly and four villages were randomly chosen from each mandal for the study. Respondents were selected from each village by following proportionate random sampling method. Thus, 120 farmers constituted as sample for the study. Data collected by pre-tested schedule followed by personal interview method.
For the purpose of statistical analysis of the coded data, appropriate statistical tools were used viz., frequency and percentages, correlation analysis, multiple linear regression analysis and ranking.
The detailed analysis of personal, socio-economic and psychological characteristics of redgarm growers indicated that majority of the redgram growers were middle aged (65.83%), with primary school (35.83%), having medium farm holdings (33.33%), high farming experience (48.33%), high credit acquisition (36.67%), medium extension contact (47.50%), medium social participation (63.33%), medium level of mass media exposure (42.50%), medium level of economic orientation (72.50%), medium level of risk orientation (65.83%), medium level of scientific orientation (60.83%), medium level of innovativeness (60.83%), high level of annual income (67.50%) and medium level of market orientation ( 72.50%).
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Majority of the redgarm growers (66.67%) had medium level of knowledge followed by high (19.17%) and low (14.17%) level of knowledge.
About 65.00 per cent of redgram growers had medium extent of adoption followed by those having high (20.83%) and low (14.17%) extent of adoption.
The study revealed that redgram growers had knowledge on the recommended production technologies in increasing order of their importance viz: duration of rabi redgram crop is 160-180 days, appropriate time of sowing for kharif redgram is June – August, early sown kharif redgram grows taller and is affected by gram pod borer and maruca spotted pod borer, recommended soils suitable for redgram cultivation are sandy loams, clay loams, and stony soils. Soil which is not suitable for redgram cultivation are saline soils, alkaline soils and water logged soils, recommended spacing for rabi redgram is 45-90cmx 10cm, selected seed of redgram should be free from pests and diseases free from any inert matter i.e., dust particles, weed seeds etc and must be viable and genetically pure and late maturing varieties in redgram during kharif may suffer from terminal stress.
In case of extent of adoption, the recommended production technologies adopted by redgram growers in percentage rank order of their importance viz: the following order viz., redgram is grown in red loam and light soils, growing of redgram variety LRG - 41 is resistant to Helicoverpa, growing of redgram in well drained shallow or deep black soils, applying different quantities of manures for intercrop and main crop in redgram, growing of redgram variety which is suitable for clay loam soils is LRG – 41, planning of redgram crop should be in such a way that flowering and pod formation should not coincide with peak rainy period, apply only recommended herbicides at recommended dose, proper time, as appropriate spray solution with standard equipment along with flat fan or flat jet nozzles, practicing line sowing method in redgram, avoid sowing redgram in fields with low-lying patches that are prone to water logging
Out of fourteen selected socio-economic and personal characteristics, nine of them such as credit acquisition, extension contact, social participation, mass media exposure, economic orientation, risk orientation, scientific orientation, innovativeness and annual income showed significant relation with level of knowledge on recommended production technologies of redgram. But age, education, farm holding size, farming experience, market orientation did not show any significant relationship with their level of knowledge of recommended production technologies.
The multiple linear regression analysis (MLR) indicated that all the fourteen selected personal socioeconomic and psychological characteristics put together explained 86.66 per cent of variance in the level of knowledge selected production technologies. Remaining 13.34 percent is due to the extraneous effect characteristics.
Out of fourteen selected personal, socio-economic and psychological characteristics, credit acquisition and utilization, extension contact, social participation, mass media exposure, economic orientation, risk orientation, scientific orientation, innovativeness and annual income showed significant relation with extent of adoption of recommended production technologies of redgram. But age, education, farm holding size, farming experience, market orientation did not show any significant relationship with their extent of adoption of recommended production technologies.
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The MLR indicated that all the fourteen selected personal, socio-economic and psychological characteristics put together contributed 69.70 percent to the total variance in the extent of adoption; remaining 30.30 percent due to the extraneous characteristics effect.
The most important constraints encountered by the redgram growers viz: Non suitable weather conditions for sowing, high cost of manures and fertilizers, insufficient availability of water and inadequate knowledge about recommended pesticides and their dosages were the major constraints faced by redgram growers.
The most important suggestions made by the redgram growers to overcome the constraints viz: Timely assistance at the time of drought was foremost one followed by timely technical guidance, supply of plant protection equipment on subsidy, timely of fertilizers and supply of subsidies, provision of good marketing facilities, provision of timely credit at lower interest, provision of support price, exposure through field visits, developing suitable varieties for drought resistant and supply of high yielding varieties.
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D5893
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