Bioecology and management of whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) on brinjal
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Date
2021
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Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana
Abstract
The studies on bioecology and management of whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) on
brinjal were conducted during 2018, 2019 and 2020 at Punjab Agricultural University,
Ludhiana and KVK Sri Muktsar Sahib, Punjab. The biology of B. tabaci was studied under
screen house conditions and data revealed that development period of eggs, 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th
instar nymphs varied from 3-19, 3-6, 3-5, 2-5, 3-5 days, respectively. Total development
period of immature stages (egg to adults) was shortest during August-September (19.28±0.87
days), followed by April-May (21.08±0.75 days) and February-March (31.08±1.17 days). The
females outnumbered the male (sex ratio 1: 2.47) and mean fecundity ranged between 22-51
eggs per female. Non significant differences were observed in morphometric parameters of
different developmental stages of B. tabaci during different seasons. B. tabaci completed 13
overlapped generations on brinjal under screen house condition and development period (egg
to adult) varied from 18 to 71 days during different months. The population dynamics studies
revealed that whitefly attained two peaks during 28-30th and 36-41st SMW on brinjal and
seasonal fluctuations were primarily influenced by temperature, relative humidity and rainfall.
Abiotic factors accounted for 36-70 per cent (R2) variations in whitefly population on brinjal,
whereas, the role of biotic factor was on lower side. Economic threshold level (ETL) of B.
tabaci on brinjal was determined and it was found that management decision should be taken
at 9 adult per leaf to prevent the economic losses due to B. tabaci on brinjal. The survey on
host range of B. tabaci revealed that whitefly survived on different host plants round the year
and total 113 plants belonging to 88 genera in 30 families were recorded as hosts of B. tabaci
in Punjab. The plants in family Asteraceae, Cucurbitaceae, Fabaceae, Solanaceae and
Malvaceae were found to be the most preferred hosts. The oviposition preference and
devolvement biology of B. tabaci varied among tested host plants and order of oviposition
preference was cucumber > soybean > cotton > brinjal > tomato > S. nigrum. A relatively
higher oviposition preference and lower survival of B. tabaci on soybean indicating its
suitability as trap crop for management of B. tabaci. Six management modules were evaluated
for their effectiveness against B. tabaci and it was observed that whitefly can be managed
effectively and economically by installing yellow sticky traps @ 100 traps ha-1 in early
growth stage of the brinjal crop, followed by need based two sprays of azadirachtin (1 %) @
1000 ml ha-1
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Citation
Gurmail Singh (2021). Bioecology and management of whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) on brinjal (Unpublished Ph.D. Dissertation). Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India.