GENETIC DIVERGENCE, STABILITY AND BIOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS IN FOXTAIL MILLET (Setaria italica (L.) P. Beauv).
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Date
2022-03-11
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Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola, Maharashtra.
Abstract
The present investigation on “Genetic divergence, stability and biochemical analysis in foxtail millet (Setaria italica (L.) P. Beauv).” was carried out to estimate the amount of genetic divergence, stability analysis and biochemical analysis of grain for Fe and Zn content from different genotypes of foxtail millet received from NBPGR, Akola center.
The experiment was carried out across two seasons and three locations during Kharif-2018 and Kharif-2019 at Department of Agricultural Botany, Dr. PDKV, Akola, Agriculture Research Station, Buldhana and Regional Fruit Research Station, Katol. The experimental material comprised of 50 foxtail millet genotypes were evaluated in randomized block design (RBD) along with two standard checks with three replications.
The data was recorded on twelve characters viz., days to 50 % flowering, days to maturity, total number of tillers per plant, number of productive tillers per plant, pant height (cm), panicle length (cm), panicle girth (cm), grain yield per plant (gm), straw yield per plant (gm), 1000-grain weight (gm), two nutritional grain Iron content mg/kg) and grain Zinc content (mg/kg).
Analysis of variance revealed that the mean sum of squares due to the genotypes and environment were highly significant for all the traits, which clearly indicated the presence of substantial genetic variability for all the characters that can be exploited in desirable direction for further breeding programme.
Among the 52 genotypes, IC-120235 recorded highest mean grain yield/plant, straw yield/plant, maximum panicle length, 1000 grain weight and grain Fe content. Genotype IC-97177 recorded less days to 50% flowering and days to maturity, IC-120234 recorded highest total number of tillers and productive tillers, IC-120149 recorded highest plant height, IC-120200 highest panicle girth, IC-120213 recorded highest grain Zn content.
Diversity analysis from pooled data, all the genotypes were grouped into five clusters. Cluster I was the largest involving 48 genotypes from different geographical origin. The remaining clusters (III, V, VI and VII) are monogenic contained only one genotype belonging to diverse origin. Among the 10 quantitative and two nutritional characters studied the most important character contributing to the divergence was grain yield per plant, straw yield per plant, panicle girth, 1000-grain weight, days to maturity, number of productive tillers per plant, total number of tillers per plant.
In pooled data, maximum intra cluster distance was observed in cluster I. The maximum inter-cluster distance was found between cluster II and cluster IV followed by cluster III and cluster V and cluster II and cluster III indicating the high diversity among the genotypes of these cluster. In case cluster mean performance, genotype group into cluster II had highest yields for grain yield/plant associated high panicle length, straw yield/plant, 1000 grain weight, grain Fe content and grain Zn content having low days to 50% flowering and days to maturity. Genotype group in cluster III had high total number of tillers and productive tillers. Genotype group in cluster III had high plant height associated with panicle girth.
In genetic diversity analysis some of the germplasm were totally diverse and exhibited great opportunity for generating variation for the important economic attributes in foxtail millet. On the basis of diversity parameters genotype viz., IC-120235 found to be more diverse in all environments followed by IC-120149, IC-120234, IC-120244 and IC-120200.
Analysis of variance revealed that the mean sum of squares due to the genotypes were highly significant for all the traits, which clearly indicated the presence of substantial genetic variability for all the characters that can be exploited in desirable direction for further breeding programme. On the basis of overall environments analysis, the mean squares due to environments showed highly significant differences for all the characters indicating the validity of conducted experiment in these environments. The mean squares due to genotype x environment interaction were found to be significant for few characters.
On overall basis, as the grain yield is important character for stability point of view, the genotypes viz., IC-120150, IC-120166, IC-120235 and Lepakshi had observed average stability. The genotypes viz., IC-97109, IC-97195, IC-97196, IC-120149, IC-120200, IC-120213, IC-120255 and IC-326779 were grouped as below average stable and suitable for favourable environments and genotypes viz., IC-97105, IC-97167, IC-326751 and PS4 showed above average stability and well adapted to poor environments. One genotype viz., IC-120235 and Lepakshi exhibited stable performance for yield and yield contributing traits over pooled environments.
For biochemical parameters grain Fe and Zn content, none of the genotypes shows average stability. For grain Fe content, seven genotypes were grouped as below average stable and four genotypes showed above-average stability. For grain Zn content, two genotypes were grouped as below average stable and six genotypes showed above-average stability. Based on genetic diversity and stability analysis studies, the genotype IC-120235 was found to be more diverse as well as stable and could be used for further improvement in foxtail millet.
Description
The present investigation was carried out across two seasons and three locations at Department of Agricultural Botany, Dr. PDKV, Akola, Agriculture Research Station, Buldhana and Regional Fruit Reserch Station, Katol during Kharif-2018 and Kharif-2019. The research was undertaken to estimate the amount of genetic divergence, stability and biochemical analysis of grain Fe and Zn content from 52 different genotypes of foxtail millet.
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Citation
KARVAR, SUKHADEV HANUMANT. (2022). Genetic divergence, stability and biochemical analysis in foxtail millet (Setaria italica (L.) P. Beauv). Department of Agricultural Botany. Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola. Ph. D. 2022. Print. xvi, 178p. (Unpublished).