PERFORMANCE OF DIRECT-SEEDED WINTER RICE (WET DSR) AS AFFECTED BY DIFFERENT WEED MANAGEMENT PRACTICES
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Date
2023
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Abstract
A field experiment was conducted at the research farm of AAU-ARRI, Titabar during the sali season (2022) with a view to study the growth and yield behavior of wet direct-seeded sali rice under different crop establishment techniques as well as to find out the best weed management practices for direct-seeded sali rice. The treatments consisted of three establishment techniques viz., broadcasting (M1), drum seeding (M2), line sowing (M3) and six different weed management practices viz., hand weeding at 20, 40 and 60 DAS (W1), pyrazosulfuron-ethyl @ 30 g/ha at 2 DAS fb bispyribac-Na @ 25 g/ha at 25 DAS (W2), pyrazosulfuron-ethyl @ 30 g/ha at 2 DAS fb mechanical weeding at 40 and 60 DAS (W3), pyrazosulfuron-ethyl @ 30 g/ha at 2 DAS fb bispyribac-Na @ 25 g/ha at 25 and 45 DAS (W4), weed free check (W5), weedy check (W6). The experiment was laid out in split-plot design which was replicated thrice. The soil of the experimental site was clay loam in texture, acidic in reaction (pH 4.97), medium in organic carbon content (0.56 %), low in available N (242.41 kg/ha), medium in available P2O5 (24.16 kg/ha) and available K2O (154.23 kg/ha).
The results revealed that establishment techniques brought significant influences on growth and yield attributing characters, yield, weed density and weed dry weight in all the growth stages. Drum seeding (M2) proved statistically superior in regards to growth attributes viz., plant height, number of tillers/m2, leaf area index and dry matter accumulation at all growth stages compared to line sowing (M3) and broadcasting (M1). Similarly, drum seeding recorded significantly the highest yield attributing characters such as number of panicles/m2, panicle length, panicle weight, number of filled grains/panicle followed by line sowing (M3) and broadcasting (M1). Drum seeding technique (M2) also recorded significantly highest grain yield (43.07 q/ha) and straw yield (68.79 q/ha). Moreover, higher uptake of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium by grain, straw and total uptake were also recorded in the same treatment.
Among the different weed management practices, weed free (W5) check recorded the lowest weed density, weed dry matter and weed index as well as highest weed control efficiency and weed control index at all the growth
stages followed by pyrazosulfuron-ethyl @ 30 g/ha at 2 DAS fb bispyribac-Na @ 25 g/ha at 25 and 45 DAS (W4). Weed management practices also significantly recorded higher growth attributes viz., plant height, number of tillers/m2, leaf area index and dry matter accumulation, yield attributing characters viz., number of panicles/m2, panicle length, panicle weight, number of filled grains/panicle, grain and straw yield as well as uptake of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in grain, straw and total uptake. The highest grain (47.50 q/ha) and straw yield (75.11 q/ha) was recorded under weed free check (W5) which was followed by the treatment of pyrazosulfuron-ethyl @ 30 g/ha at 2 DAS fb bispyribac-Na @ 25 g/ha at 25 and 45 DAS (W4) (44.37 q/ha grain and 71.80 straw q/ha).
In terms of treatment combinations, drum seeding along with weed free check (M2W5) recorded the highest interaction effect in respect to number of tillers/m2 at 90 DAS (393.67), number of filled grains/ panicle (130.00), grain yield (51.22 q/ha), straw yield (78.35 q/ha), nitrogen uptake by grain (55.57 kg/ha) and phosphorus uptake by straw (16.26 kg/ha) which was followed by drum seeding along with pyrazosulfuron-ethyl @ 30 g/ha at 2 DAS fb bispyribac-Na @ 25 g/ha at 25 and 45 DAS (M2W4) (49.23 q/ha grain and 75.84 q/ha straw yield) being statistically at par with line sowing along with weed free check (47.43 q/ha grain and 75.30 q/ha straw yield).
In terms of economics, the treatment combination of drum seeding along with pyrazosulfuron-ethyl @ 30g/ha 2 DAS fb bispyribac-Na 10 % SC @ 25 g/ha at 25 and 45 DAS (M2W4) recorded the highest net return (Rs. 74,705/ha) and B:C (2.27).