Germination, emergence and growth behaviour of Medicago denticulata, vicia sativa, convolvulus arvensis and lathyrus aphaca
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Date
2010
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Publisher
CCSHAU
Abstract
Laboratory and screen house experiments were conducted to evaluate the effect of
temperature, salinity, osmotic potential, light/dark periods, seeding depth and flooding on
germination and emergence of M. denticulata, V. sativa, C. arvensis and L. aphaca.
Maximum germination of M. denticulata (61%), C. arvensis (41%) and L. aphaca (91%)
recorded at 20OC whereas V. sativa (78%) germination was maximum at 15 OC. Root length
and shoot length was maximum at 15OC for all the four weeds except C. arvensis for which
maximum root length was recorded at 20OC. With decrease and increase from optimum
temperature decrease in germination was noted. Germination in all the four weed species
was maximum with distilled water. M. denticulata germination (15%) took place up to the
conc. of 100 mM NaCl, whereas, V. sativa (5%), C. arvensis (20%) and L. aphaca (55%)
germinated even at 200 mM NaCl conc. L. aphaca was most tolerant to salinity among the
four weed species under study. The effect of osmotic potential on germination was
declining in nature, as the osmotic potential was lowered from 0 to -0.8 MPa the
germination decreased drastically. The osmotic potential of -0.8 MPa reduced the
germination of M. denticulata, V. sativa and C. arvensis to zero while L. aphaca
germination reduced to 3%. Light was not prerequisite for the germination of any of the
four weed species because there was no significant difference in germination, root growth
and shoot growth under different levels of light exposure. Optimum depth for the
germination of M. denticulata, V.sativa, C. arvensis and L. aphaca was 2.0, 2.0, 1.0 and 1.0
cm respectively where corresponding germination was 61, 69, 40 and 79%. Reduction in
germination and growth was recorded with increase and decrease from optimum depth. V.
sativa and L. aphaca germinated even from a depth of 8.0 cm. M. denticulata was very
sensitive to flooding; even a flooding of 5 days completely restricted the germination of M.
denticulata. V. sativa and C. arvensis tolerated 20 days of flooding and then germination
took place, whereas L. aphaca germinated (17%) even after 40 days of flooding and 2%
after 80 days of flooding.
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Keywords
Yields, Tillage, Planting, Grain, Crops, Sowing, Harvesting, Land resources, Crop residues, Tillage equipment