DETAILED SOIL RESOURCE INVENTORY OF VARATHURU WATERSHED IN CHITTOOR DISTRICT OF ANDHRA PRADESH USING REMOTE SENSING AND GIS

Simple item page
dc.contributor.advisorDr. M.V.S. NAIDU
dc.contributor.authorG.P. LEELAVATHY
dc.date.accessioned2024-05-23T13:06:59Z
dc.date.available2024-05-23T13:06:59Z
dc.date.issued2024-05-23
dc.description.abstractThe present investigation entitled ''Detailed soil resource inventory of Varathuru watershed in Chittoor district of Andhra Pradesh using remote sensing and GIS'' involves study of twentyone (21) typical pedons for morphological, physical, physico-chemical and chemical properties in the Varathuru watershed. Inaddition, two hundred and fifty six (256) surface soil samples (0-15 cm) were collected with GPS coordinates and were analyzed for pH, EC, organic carbon, macronutrients (N, P2O5, K2O and S) and micronutrients (Zn, Cu, Fe and Mn) and were mapped by using ArcGIS v 10.3. The study area was characterized by semiarid monsoon climate with distinct summer, winter and rainy seasons. The pedons occurs in plains (P7 and P8), very gently sloping (P1, P2, P5, P11, P14 and P18), gently sloping (P3, P4, P15 and P17), moderately sloping (P6, P9, P10, P12, P13 and P16), Very strongly sloping (P19 and P20) and moderately steep sloping (P21) topography. All the pedons in watershed were developed from granite-gneiss. The morphological features indicated the presence of AC/AR (P3, P15, P19 and P21), ABC (P1, P2, P5, P7, P8, P9, P11, P13, P14, P17, P18 and P20), A-AB/BA C (P4, P6, P10 and P16) and A-A/B-C (P12) profiles. The soils were shallow to deep in depth, dark reddish brown to light yellowish brown in colour, gravelly sandy loam to sandy clay loam in texture and exhibited single grain, granular and sub-angular blocky structures. The clay content in P3, P9, P12, P13, P16 and P20 exhibited an increasing trend with depth whereas no specific trend with depth was observed in the remaining xvii pedons. Physical constants like water holding capacity and volume expansion followed the trend of clay content. The soils of Varathuru watershed were slightly acidic to moderately alkaline (6.03 to 8.35) in reaction (pH), non-saline (0.02 to 0.40 dS m-1 ) and low to medium (0.04 to 0.74%) in organic carbon. The CaCO3 content was ranged from 0.60 to 8.68 per cent and ESP was low (0.39 to 10.80 %). The CEC values were ranged from 4.68 to 33.49 cmol (p+ ) kg-1 and the exchange complex was dominated by Ca2+ followed by Mg2+, Na+ and K+ . The Varathuru watershed soils were low (25.10 to 262.50 kg ha-1 ) in available nitrogen, low to high (8.91 to 94.05 kg P2O5 ha-1 soil) in available phosphorous and potassium (116.45 to 551.60 kg K2O ha-1 ) and deficient to sufficient (1.75 to 52.56 mg kg-1 ) in available sulphur. The soils were sufficient in DTPA extractable Cu and Mn and deficient to sufficient in DTPA extractable Zn and Fe. The mineralogy class for all these was mixed based on CEC / clay ratio. Based on the morphological, physical, physico-chemical, mineralogical and meteorological data, the soils were classified as Entisols, Inceptisols and Alfisols and these soils were further classified at family level as: Pedons 1, 4, 6, 7, 10, 12, 16 and 20 : Fine loamy, mixed, isohyperthermic, Typic Haplustepts Pedon 3 and 15 : Fine loamy, mixed, isohyperthermic, Typic Ustorthents Pedons 2, 5, 9, 11, 13, 14 and 18 : Fine loamy, mixed, isohyperthermic, Typic Hapustalfs Pedon 8 : Fine loamy, mixed, isohyperthermic, Ultic Haplustalfs Pedon 17 : Coarse loamy, mixed, isohyperthermic, Typic Haplustepts Pedons 19 and 21 : Skeletal, mixed, isohyperthermic, Typic Ustorthents Fifteen (15) soil mapping units at phase level were identified in Varathuru watershed and were mapped into ten (10) soil series. These ten soil series were classified into four land capability sub-classes such as IIIs (VRT3), IVs (VRT2, VRT5, VRT6 and VRT7), IVes (VRT1, VRT4 and VRT8) and VIIes (VRT9 and VRT10). Similarly, the soils of Varathuru watershed were grouped into four land irrigability sub-classes namely, 3s (VRT2 and VRT6), 4s (VRT1, VRT3, VRT4, VRT5, VRT7 and VRT8), 5s (VRT9) and 6s (VRT10). The soil series viz., VRT1, VRT4, VRT5 and VRT8 were moderately suitable (S2) for growing groundnut, redgram and sugarcane and not suitable (N) for growing rice crop whereas the soil series namely VRT2 was marginally suitable (S3) for xviii growing redgram and sugarcane and not suitable (N) for growing groundnut and rice crop. The soil series such as VRT3 was highly suitable (S1) for growing groundnut, moderately suitable (S2) for redgram and sugarcane and not suitable for rice crop. The soil series namely VRT6 was moderately suitable (S2) for growing redgram, marginally suitable (S3) for growing groundnut and sugarcane and not suitable (N) for rice. The soil series of VRT7 was moderately suitable (S2) for growing redgram, marginally suitable (S3) for sugarcane and not suitable (N) for growing groundnut and rice. However, the soil series VRT9 was marginally suitable (S3) for growing redgram and not suitable (N) for growing groundnut, sugarcane and rice crops whereas the soil series of VRT10 was not suitable for growing groundnut, redgram, sugarcane and rice crops Production potential revealed that, actual productivity of soil series were poor, average and good whereas potential productivity of soil series were average, good and excellent. The coefficient of improvement (Ci) varied from 1.43 to 4.46 indicating the implementation of judicious soil and water management practices to sustain soil productivity. Soil fertility maps were also prepared for watershed for various parameters such as pH, EC, organic carbon, available macronutrients (N, P2O5, K2O and S) and micronutrients (Zn, Fe, Cu and Mn) under GIS technology using ArcGIS 10.3 version
dc.identifier.otherD6584
dc.identifier.urihttps://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/5810209392
dc.keywordsSOIL RESOURCE
dc.keywordsVARATHURU WATERSHED
dc.keywordsANDHRA PRADESH
dc.language.isoEnglish
dc.pages391
dc.publisherAcharya N G Ranga Agricultural University
dc.relation.ispartofseriesD6584; D6584
dc.subSoil Science and Agriculture Chemistry
dc.themeDETAILED SOIL RESOURCE INVENTORY OF VARATHURU WATERSHED IN CHITTOOR DISTRICT OF ANDHRA PRADESH USING REMOTE SENSING AND GIS
dc.these.typePh.D
dc.titleDETAILED SOIL RESOURCE INVENTORY OF VARATHURU WATERSHED IN CHITTOOR DISTRICT OF ANDHRA PRADESH USING REMOTE SENSING AND GIS
dc.typeThesis
Files
Original bundle
Now showing 1 - 1 of 1
No Thumbnail Available
Name:
01 Leelavathi Final Thesis, 2022.pdf
Size:
125.24 MB
Format:
Adobe Portable Document Format
Download
License bundle
Now showing 1 - 1 of 1
No Thumbnail Available
Name:
license.txt
Size:
1.71 KB
Format:
Item-specific license agreed upon to submission
Description:
Download
Collections
Theses