EFFECT OF VERMICOMPOST AND LIQUID BIOENHANCERS ON GROWTH, YIELD AND QUALITY OF OKRA (Abelmoschus esculantus L.)
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Date
2022
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College of Horticulture and Forestry, Jhalawar
Abstract
The study was carried out at the vegetable farm, Department of Vegetable Science,
College of Horticulture and Forestry, Jhalrapatan City, Jhalawar during zaid season from March
2022 to June 2022 to investigate the “Effect of Vermicompost and Liquid bioenhancers on
Growth, Yield and Quality of Okra (Abelmoschus esculantus L.)”. The experiment consisted of
three levels of vermicompost (0, 2.5 and 5 t/ha) and five levels of liquid bioenhancers
(Panchagavya and Jeevamrut @ 0, 3 and 6 % each) with a total of 15 treatments. The
experiment was laid out in a Factorial Randomized Block Design (FRBD) with three replications
each. Data were collected on different growth, yield and quality contributing characters of okra.
The vermicompost and liquid bioenhancers (Panchagavya & Jeevamrut) had significant effect
on growth, yield and quality individually and in combinations over control.
The individual application of vermicompost @ 5 t/ha (V2) significantly increased the
plant height (51.88 cm and 67.59 cm), number of branches per plant (5.33 and 6.17), number of
nodes (15.63 and 17.99), number of leaves per plant (40.60 and 47.89), stem diameter (0.59 cm
and 1.96 cm), number of flower per plant (18.07 and 25.48) at 60 and 90 DAS, respectively, fruit
setting percentage (78.97 %), total chlorophyll content (0.69 mg/100g), minimum number of
days to first picking (43.30), maximum number of fruit per plant (20.12), fruit length (15.83 cm),
diameter of fruit (1.67 cm), fruit weight (13.78 g), fruit yield per plant (277.48 g), fruit yield per
plot (7.21 kg/plot), estimated yield (180.35 q/ha), crude protein (2.27 %), TSS (4.95 °Brix) and
ascorbic acid (12.65 mg/100g), respectively as compared to control (V0).
Similarly, the foliar application of Panchagavya 6 % (B2) significantly increased in
plant height (50.03 cm and 61.80 cm), number of branches per plant (4.62 and 5.21), number of
nodes (13.85 and 15.58), number of leaves per plant (37.70 and 44.48), stem diameter (0.53 cm
and 1.82 cm), number of flower per plant (17.38 and 24.91) at 60 and 90 DAS, respectively,
fruit setting percentage (75.63 %), total chlorophyll content (0.63 mg/100g), minimum number
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of days to first picking fruits (43.75), number of fruit per plant (18.86), fruit length (15.04 cm),
fruit diameter (1.54 cm), fruit weight (13.26 g), fruit yield per plant (251.40 g), fruit yield per
plot (6.54 kg/plot), estimated yield (163.40 q/ha), crude protein (2.02 %), TSS (4.40 °Brix) and
ascorbic acid (11.01 mg/100g), as compared to control (B0).
Further, the combined application of V2B2 (VC @ 5 t/ha + Panchagavya 6 %) recorded
the maximum growth parameters i.e., plant height (52.92 cm and 70.08 cm), number of branches
per plant (5.80 and 6.73), number of nodes (17.64 and 19.30), number of leaves per plant (42.47
and 49.75), stem diameter (0.63 cm and 2.03 cm), number of flower per plant (18.37 and 25.67)
at 60 and 90 DAS, respectively, fruit setting percentage (79.86 %), total chlorophyll content
(0.76 mg/100g), yield parameters i.e., minimum number of days to first picking (39.51),
maximum number of fruit per plant (20.50), fruit length (16.78 cm), diameter of fruit (1.76 cm),
fruit weight (14.55 g), fruit yield per plant (298.21 g), fruit yield per plot (7.75 kg/plot),
estimated yield (193.83 q/ha) and also qualitative parameters i.e., crude protein content
(2.57 %), total soluble content (5.19 0Brix) and ascorbic acid (13.18 mg/100g) as compared to
control (V0B0).
Highest total cost of cultivation (86575.00 ha-1), gross return (360702.67 ha-1), net
return (274127.67 ha-1) and B: C ratio (3.16) were found with treatment V2 (VC @ 5 t/ha) as
compared to control V0 (control).
Similarly, with the foliar application of liquid bioenhancers treatment also increased total
cost of cultivation (80825.00 ha-1), gross return (326808.89 ha-1) and net return (245983.89
ha-1) was found in treatment B2 (Panchagavya 6 %) and maximum B: C ratio (3.19) was found
in B4 (Jeevamrut 6 %) as compared to control (B0).
Further, combined application of vermicompost and liquid bioenhancers also
significantly increased the economics attributes. Highest gross return (387666.67 ha-1) and net
return (294341.67 ha-1) was found in treatment V2B2 (VC @ 5 t/ha + Panchagavya 6 %) and
maximum B: C ratio (3.26) was found in treatment V2B4 (VC @ 5 t/ha + Jeevamrut 6 %) as
compared to control (V0B0).