GROSS, HISTOLOGICAL AND HISTOCHEMICAL STUDIES ON THE MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM OF THE EMU (Dromaius novaehollandiae)
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2009-05
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SRI VENKATESWARA VETERINARY UNIVERSITY TIRUPATI - 517 502. (A.P.) INDIA
Abstract
ABSTRACT:
The present work was undertaken on six breeding season and twelve non breeding season male emu birds to study, Gross, histology and histochemistry of reproductive system. The male genital system of the emu consisted paired testes, epididymal region, ductus deferens and a copulatory apparatus. The testes were black in colour. The left testis was bean shaped and larger while right testis was round and smaller. The epididymal region was located on the dorsomedial aspect of the testis. The ductus deferens showed straight tube, receptacle, ejaculatory duct and a papilla in a sequence from epididymal region to urodeum. The copulatory apparatus of emu consisted of an intromittent phallus and its associated structures ejaculatory groove region, paired retractor penis cranialis and caudalis muscles and paired paracloacal vascular bodies. The phallus consisted of a base and a free part with a blind tubular cavity inside. The base was conical shaped and formed by smaller right and larger left basal fibrolymphatic bodies. The free part of phallus consisted of an evertable pars cavernosa and non evertable pars glandularis. The ejaculatory groove region was a triangular area supported by a fibrocartilage. It was continued as spiral ejaculatory groove between two basal fibrolymphatic bodies. The retractor penis cranialis muscle was larger while the retractor penis cuadalis was smaller in size. The paracloacal vascular bodies were ellipsoid lymphatic structures located below the base of the phallus. There was a significant increase in size and length of the different structures of male reproductive system of emu during breeding season (October – February) compared to Non-breeding season (March – September).
Despite the presence of small amount of septa there was no distinct lobulation of the testis melanocytes scattered in the capsule and interstitial tissue were responsible for the dark coloration of the testes. The rete testis was composed of intratesticular, intracapsular and extra testicular portion. The intratesticular rete was lined by a single layer of cuboidal or columnar cells. The intracapsular and extra testicular rete lined by simple cuboidal epithelium. The ductules of the epididymal region were lined by pseudostratified columnar epithelium with ciliated and non ciliated cells. The ductus deferens was lined by pseudostratified nonciliated columnar epithelium. The surfaces of basal fibrolymphatic bodies were lined by stratified squamous cornified epithelium which was changed to pseudostratified columnar type in deeper parts of ejaculatory groove.
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