CLINICO-THERAPEUTIC STUDIES ON HAEMOPROTOZOAN AND RICKETTESIAL DISEASES OF DOGS.
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Date
2019-07-22
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CSKHPKV, Palampur
Abstract
The present investigation was aimed to study the clinical, haemato-biochemical and therapeutic aspect of haemoprotozoan and rickettesial diseases of dogs. The study was conducted on 1747 dogs presented to Teaching Veterinary Clinical Comple x, Palampur from November 2017 to May 2019. On the basis of history, clin ical signs and physical e xa mination, 259 dogs were screened using various parasitological or molecular techniques and among them, 66 dogs were found to be positive for either haemoprotozoan or rickettesial diseases, thus representing an overall incidence of 3.78%. Out of 66 affected dogs, 25 (37.88%) suffered from haemoprotozoan diseases consisting of B. gibsoni (n= 21), B. canis (n=3) and H. canis (n=1) and 41 (62.12%) suffered from rickettesial diseases and all were of ehrlichiosis. These diseases were more prevalent in warm and humid seasons (81.82%, summer and monsoon), in adult dogs (42.42%, 1-5 years of age) and in male dogs (81.82%). Ge rman Shepherd and Labrador (18.18 % each) were the most common affected breeds. Major clin ical signs were fever, inappetence, vomiting, melena, pale mucous membranes, dark yellow urine, dullness and depression, epistaxis, dehydration and lymph node enlargement. Neurological signs like fits, chorea etc., skin lesions like petechiae, ocular signs like eye discharge, hyphema, scleral bleeding etc. and ascites were less commonly observed. Haematology revealed macrocytic hypochromic anaemia and thrombocytopenia. Biochemically, hypoglycemia, hypoproteinemia and raised BUN, ALP and total bilirubin values were observed. Splenomegaly, pleural effusion, evident bronchial pattern, hepatitis, decreased vascularity of renal cortex and medulla, cystitis and cholecystitis were main radiographic and/or ultrasonographic findings. Babesia affected dogs were randomly divided into 4 groups for treatment including supportive therapy. Group I (n= 8) were treated with Imidocarb dipropionate which led to recovery in 62.5% dogs. Group II (n= 7) were treated with combination of Imidocarb dipropionate with Do xycycline which led to recovery in 71.4% dogs. Group III (n= 5) were t reated with Do xycycline which led to recovery in 40% dogs and Group IV (n=4) dogs were treated with Do xycycline and Clindamycin which led to recovery in 50% of dogs. Ehrlichia affected dogs were also randomly divided into 4 groups for treatment including supportive therapy. Group I (n=12) were treated with Do xycycline and recovery in 66.66% dogs was observed. Group II (n=8) were t reated with combination of Do xycycline and Oxytetracycline and recovery in 87.5% dogs was observed. Group III (n=12) were treated with combination of Do xycycline and Imidocarb and recovery in 66.66% dogs was observed and Group IV (n=9) were treated with combination of Do xycycline and Clindamycin and recovery in 55.5% dogs was observed. It was concluded that combination of Imidocarb dipropionate and Do xycycline along with supportive therapy was most efficacious in treating babesiosis whereas combination of Do xycycline and Oxytetracycline along with supportive therapy was most efficacious in treating ehrlichiosis.
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