STUDIES ON FRUIT ROT OF POMEGRANATE ( Punica granatinm L ) CAUSED BY Phytophthora Palmivora ( Butl.) Butl.
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Date
1988
Authors
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Publisher
Mahatma Phule Krishi Vidyapeeth, Rahuri.
Abstract
Pomegranate is one of the important fruit crops,
being grown on increasing area day by day in Maharashtra.
During the year 1936, a new fruit rot disease was found tc
cause severe damage in pomegranate orcnards around Pune.
Studies were, therefore, undertaken on this disease with
a view to find out suitaole chemical control measures.
The affected samples of brown fruit rot from Chamoali
village of Purardar taluka in Pune district after isolation
yielded a fungal isolate which was obtained in pure culture
and used for further studies. Pathogenicity of the isolate was found to be hugnly virulent causing quick rot of
pomegranate fruits at a .liferent stages of their development.
The organism was studied in detail- for its morpholo
gical, cultural and physio logical characters. The mycelium
was coerocytic, broad with knots., ' It pro
duced lemon shaped sporangia which germinated both by direct
and indirect method with . • optimum temperatures 30c and
20°C respectively. The organism was identified as Phytophtho
palmivora (Butl.) Butl. at the Commonwealth Mycological
Institute, Kewsray, Engl am. It grew well and sporulated
in abundance on oat meal agar and Sabouraud's agar. Amongst
all other carbon sources sucrose ana fructose gave the best
results. Ammonium phosphate and ammonium sulphate were the
best inorganic nitrogen sources in comparison with organic
sources. Vitamins like riboflavin and biotin supported
good growth and sporulation. The organism produced extra
cellular enzymes like erepsin, trypsin, diastase, cytase,
amidase and gelatinase. Optimum pH for the growth and
sporulation was 5.7 with a tolerance range between 3.2 to
8.5- Optimum temperature was 25 C with 10 C to 32.5°C as
the growth range. per cent relative humidity favoured -the. the rapid development of/disease.
The organism was proved to be pathogenic on 16 hosts
including fruits of apple, banana, chiku, lemon, orange,
papaya, vegetable fruits like bhendi, orinjal, bitter gourd,
little gourd, chilli, pea, tomato, potato and sweet potato. Borueaux mixture at 0.5% and l.0% concentration
and riaomil/at 0.05% and 0.1% concentration gave a
full control of the disease.
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