COMPARATIVE STUDIES ON FEEDING OF SOYBEAN STRAW TREATED WITH CALCIUM SODIUM BICARBONATE AND UREA ON THE PERFORMANCE OF LACTATING COWS.
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Date
2019-12-23
Authors
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Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola, Maharashtra.
Abstract
The present investigation entitled ”Comparative studies on feeding of soybean straw treated with calcium, sodium bicarbonate and urea on the performance of lactating cows” was carried out from 15/02/2017 to 15/6/2017 at Livestock Instructional Farm, Deptt. AH & DS, Dr. PDKV, Akola to evaluate the effectiveness of enrichment of straw and its subsequent effect on the performance of lactating cows. The untreated soybean straw and 2% calcium, sodium bicarbonate and urea treated soybean straw, Green maize and concentrates (Sugras) were containing 89.13, 90.92, 91.88, 90.61, 25.00 and 90.72% DM, respectively, while the content of other nutrients were 6.22, 6.34, 6.58, 9.52, 7.20 and 20.21% CP, 2.17, 1.42, 1.35, 1.74, 1.90 and 4.67% EE, 42.58, 47.12, 46.10, 36.77, 50.96 and 10.97% CF, 39.10, 32.36, 33.15, 38.72, 31.12 and 60.05 and 11.22, 13.20, 13.20, 12.38, 8.60 and 3.48% ash, respectively. The most remarkable finding was that the 2.0% urea treated straw was almost double in CP content than the untreated soybean straw. The crude fiber and NFE content of SBS indicating that SBS straw is more coarse and fibrous. SBS was rich in mineral content on the basis of its total ash content. On an average the cows consumed 12.35, 12.88, 12.62 and 13.19 kg total fresh feed under T1 control, T2, T3, and T4 treatments respectively. Out of this, the total intake of concentrates (maintenance + Production) was 2, 2, 2, and 1 kg in T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5 treatments respectively, indicating that there was decrease in concentrate intake under T4 treatment groups as compared to T1 T2, and `T3 group. The cows from T4 -2% urea treated SBS group received significantly more DM over that of untreated SBS group i.e. T1. The average dry matter intake was 7.82, 8.40, 8.21 and 8.66 in T1, T2, T3, and T4 groups respectively. It was observed that average total water intake (TWI) over the experimental period was 27.50, 27.81, 28.73 and 28.06 Kg/d/cow under T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5 groups respectively, the differences being significant. Significantly highest water intake was noticed in T4 and T3 groups followed by T2, T1 groups. It was noted that DM digestibility differed significantly between the treatments. However, highest digestibility co- efficient was noticed in T4 (64.66%) followed by T2 (62.14%), T3 (60.77%) and T1 (59.97%). In respect of CP digestibility on different feeding treatment it was that digestibility coefficients reached the level of significance amongst treatments. Significantly higher (61.70%) and lower (57.12%) was noted in cows on feeding T4 2% urea treated SBS diet and in T1 i.e. untreated SBS diet fed groups. On an average the digestibility coefficient were 59.44, 59.88, 59.81 and 59.33 per cent under T1, T2, T3 and T4 groups respectively. The EE digestibility was significantly affected by the feeding treatments being 65.55, 65.38, 67.70 and 68.53 per cent under T1, T2, T3, and T4 groups respectively.
Significantly highest milk production of 33.42 Kg was obtained on feeding T4 - 2% urea treated SBS ration to cows. While milk production the milk production under T1 untreated soybean straw, T2 calcium treated soybean straw and T3 sodium bicarbonate treated soybean straw were 29.09, 31.54 and 29.67 kg/cow, respectively with non-significant differences in T1 and T3. Significantly highest fat in milk (4.70%) was noticed when the cows were reared on T4- 2% urea treated SBS diet, while lowest content of 4.43% fat was observed on feeding T1 untreated SBS ration, while fat in T2 and T3 treated with calcium and sodium bicarbonate were 4.62% and 4.54%, respectively. It was revealed that milk produced by feeding (T4) 2% urea treated SBS contained significantly more milk protein (3.69%) as compared to (T1) untreated SBS (3.47%), (T2) 2% calcium treated SBS (3.62%) and (T3) 2% sodium bicarbonate treated SBS (3.55%), respectively. It was observed that highest SNF % is recorded in T4- that is 2% urea treated SBS followed by T2- 2% calcium treated SBS, T3- 2% sodium bicarbonate SBS and T1- untreated SBS ration 8.93, 8.87, 8.81 and 8.76, respectively. Significantly highest TS content was recorded in T4- that is 2% urea treated SBS followed by T3- 2% sodium bicarbonate SBS,T2- 2% calcium treated SBS and T1- untreated SBS ration 13.61, 13.55, 13.49 and 13.41, respectively. Thus feeding of 2% calcium, 2% sodium bicarbonate and 2% urea enriched SBM had no adverse effect on performance of lactating cow on the contrary to the blood metabolic parameter in respect of plasma glucose 51.99, 50.90 and 52.16 mg/dl in T2, T3 and T4 groups,, serum total protein 6.37,6.25,6.53 mg/dl in T2, T3 and T4 groups, blood urea nitrogen 16.67,16.47, 16.99 gm/dl, total serum lipid 286.77, 285.45, 288.17 mg/dl in T2, T3 and T4 groups, total serum cholesterol 69.16, 68.77, 69.62 mg/dl in T2, T3 and T4 groups, and serum triglyceride content 17.36,17.25, 17.46 mg/dl in T2, T3 and T4 groups, as against 48.75,6.09,16.24,282.30, 68.55, 16.93, in untreated diet i.e T1. The examination of result in reference to cost of feeding/kg milk yield in cows, it was observed that the cows maintained on T4-2% urea treated SBS diet registered lower cost/ kg milk yield by 27.45%, 50.47% and 30.94% than T1, T2 and T3 groups, respectively. On an average the cost of feed/ kg milk/day/cow was Rs. 19.56/-, 28.65/-, 20.55/- and 14.19/- when cow produced 4.15, 4.50, 4.23 and 4.77 kg of milk/day under T1, T2, T3 and T4 groups, respectively.
Description
The research work deals with animal nutrition in order to study the comparative effect of soybean straw treated with calcium, sodium bicarbonate and urea on the performance of lactating cows.
Keywords
Crop, Field crop, Soybean, Dry matter, Crude protein, Ether extract, Crude fiber, Total ash, Nitrogen free extract, Concentrate, Fat, Protein, Solid-not-fat, Total solids, Acidity, Cows, Feed intake, Nutrient, Lignin.
Citation
MOHALE, DEEPAK DNYANDEORAO. (2019). Comparative studies on feeding of soybean straw treated with calcium, sodium bicarbonate and urea on the performance of lactating cows. Department of Animal Husbandry and Dairy Science, Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola. Ph. D. 2019. Print. xx, 235p. (Unpublished).