Evaluation of different provenances of Karanj (Pongamia pinnata) at seedling stage under varied nursery management conditions
Loading...
Date
2007
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Birsa Agricultural University, Kanke, Ranchi, Jharkhand
Abstract
Pongamia pinnata, a multipurpose tree species raised on boundaries of agricultural
field, wastelands/fallow lands and on degraded lands can be used as an alternative
substitutes for bio fuel and for many other uses viz. pesticide, insecticide, medicine, for
soap production, agricultural implements, tools handle etc. Karanj oil is used as lubricant,
varnish, water paint binder for cure of skin diseases. Multiple use of Pongamia becomes
helpful to increase rural employment, self-sustainability and to alleviate poverty for rural
population.
Being indigenous to Indian sub-continent, the climatic conditions prevailing in
Jharkhand have much potential for its large scale plantation. However, no specific
provenance or seeds source has been recommended for this region with respect to ease of
establishment, good growth and more seed production. Therefore, a trial study for the
evaluation of twelve provenances of Pongamia pinnata been undertaken. The twelve
provenances included were Idukki, Kerala (P1), Waynad, Kerala (P2), Thrissur, Kerala
(P3), Palakkad, Kerala (P4), Coimbatore, TN (P5), Krishnagiri, TN (P6), Madurai, Kerala
(P7), Mettupalayam, TN (P8), Gadag, Karnataka (P9), Tumkur, Karnataka (P10), Patna,
Bihar (P11), and Ranchi, Jharkhand (P12)
The experiment was conducted in completely randomized design in polypots having
three replications. Data were collected on seed characteristics (seed length, seed width,
individual seed weight). Seeds were sown in nursery to study seed viability, germination
percentage, and germinative energy percent. The different growth parameters (seedling
height, collar diameter) were measured at 3 and 6 months age. At end of the experiment
(after 6 month of seedling growth) root length, root-shoot ratio, dry biomass, sturdiness and
Dickson quality index were calculated.
The study on seed characteristic of twelve provenance have indicated maximum seed
length for Tumkur, Karnataka provenance (P10), seed width of Thrissur, Kerala provenance
(P3), and individual seed weight of Pallakad provenance (P4). Maximum seed viability,
germination percentage and germinative energy were obtained for Ranchi, Jharkhand
provenance (P12).
The grading treatment showed maximum height for Gadag, Karnataka (P9) at 3
months age, whereas for Madurai, Tamilnadu (P7) provenance it was highest at 6month.
On this basis, seedlings of twelve provenances were grouped into three – low height group
(9.46 cm to 10.80 cm), medium height group (12.19 cm to 13.80 cm) and large height
group (14.29 cm to 15.68 cm). In case of under lining treatment the Coimbatore,
Tamilnadu (P5) provenance showed maximum seedling height at 3 month age, while in
Thrissure, Kerala (P3) provenance maximum height was found at 6 month age.
For various duration of sun light treatments more seedling height at 3 month age
was for 1/4th day period of light in P12, whereas at 6 month age it was obtained for P5 (1/2
day period of light). On the other hand out of three watering schedule treatments maximum
height at 3 and 6 months was observed for after two days watering treatment in case of
Madurai, Tamilnadu (P7). Incase of 6 month old seedling, maximum seedling height for
after two daily watering was notice for (P7) source.
The seedling collar diameter for grading and underlining treatment at 6-month age
was maximum in Mettupalayam, Tamilnadu (P8) and Maddurai, Tamilnadu (P7) source,
respectively. In case of sun light and watering schedule treatment the seedling collar
diameter after 3-month were maximum in Gadag, Karnataka (P9) and Thrissure,
Kerala(P3),respectively, whereas after 6 month growth it was highest in Coimbatore,
Tamilnadu, (P5) and Ranchi, Jharkhand (P12),respectively.
Longer root length for grading treatment was found in Gadag, Karnataka (P9)
provenance and root-shoot ratio approaching to 1.0 was obtained in case of P4, P7 and P10.
Maximum root length was recorded for P10 source for under lining treatment. Root length
of sun light and watering schedule treatment were maximum in Mettupalayam, Tamilnadu
(P8) and Maddurai, Tamilnadu (P7), respectively. Balanced seedling in case of Tumkur,
Karnataka (P10), Ranchi, Jharkhand (P12) and Patna, Bihar (P11) provenances was noticed
under daily watering schedule.
Maximum sturdiness for grading treatment was found in Gadag, Karnataka (P9)
provenance, while minimum sturdiness was found in Patna, Bihar (P11) and highest
Dickson quality Index were calculated for two provenances of Tamilnadu, i.e. for P5 and
P6. For under lining minimum sturdiness is recorded for P10 and maximum Dickson
Quality Index for P12 source. Incase of full day light treatment, Idukki, Kerala (P1)
provenance showed less sturdiness. Dickson Quality Index for full day light treatment was
found maximum for P5 source, whereas for 1/4th day period of light, it was for P4 and P12.
In case of ½ day period of light, Dickson Quality Index of Gadag, Karnataka (P9) was
found maximum.
Maximum dry biomass for grading treatment was observed for two provenances i.e.
Coimbatore (P5) and Mettupalayam (P8) and for under lining treatment it was found for P8
source. In case of full day light treatment, maximum dry biomass was found in P4 source.
On the other hand maximum dry biomass per seedling was obtained for local provenance
P12 under daily Watering.
No significant correlation was obtained between none of the seed parameters and
seedling growth parameters.
The seed characteristics have indicated superiority of Tumkur, Karnataka (P10)
provenance over all the other provenances. However, the performance of seed germination
and seedling growth of Ranchi, Jharkhand (P12) provenance has indicated it suitability
over other provenances.
Description
Evaluation of different provenances of Karanj (Pongamia pinnata) at seedling stage under varied nursery management conditions
Keywords
null