Characterization of interspecific hybrids and BC1F1 plants derived from Gossypium hirsutum and G. arboreum crosses
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Date
2019
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Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana
Abstract
Interspecific F1 hybrids (G. hirsutum/G. arboreum) and BC1F1 plants (G. hirsutum/G. arboreum/ G. hirsutum) were characterized under the current research project. The hybrids were evaluated at cytological, morphological, and molecular levels. F1 plants were subjected to air layering for induction of roots that were used for their cytological analysis. Of the four hybrid plants, two were found to be triploid with 2n = 39 and the other two were tetraploids (2n = 52), the latter are probably formed due to the fusion of normal n (AD) gametes from female parent (G. hirsutum) and unreduced gamete 2n (AA) from male parent (G. arboreum). Hybridity of the interspecific F1 hybrids was confirmed using simple sequence repeat markers. Morphological traits used for characterization included stem colouration, leaf shape, leaf lobe number, nectaries on mid-rib, average leaf length, average leaf width, number of sepals and petals, petiole length, number of serrations on bracts, petal colour, petal spotting, anther number, anther colour, pollen fertility, average pollen size and CLCuD symptoms. Hybrids were found to be intermediate for some traits and resembled either parent for the other characters. Variation among the interspecific hybrids was observed for some traits such as pollen fertility, petal colour etc. Of the 80 microsatellite markers, 29 (36.25%) were observed to be polymorphic between the parents and five primers (CGR5717, NAU3717, BNL3479, DPL0533, and MGHES31) detected introgression from G. arboreum parent in the BC1F1 (G. hirsutum/G. arboreum/ G. hirsutum) plants. American cotton parents namely, F 846, LH 2108, LH 2107 two of the F1s, and all the BC1F1 plants amplified viral DNA. However, desi cotton parents (LD 949 and LD 491), the remaining two F1s did not show any amplification of viral DNA.
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