Studies on the suitability of potato in rice fallows under valley land of Meghalaya

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dc.contributor.advisorRam, Vishram
dc.contributor.authorGurjar, Ganesh Narayan
dc.date.accessioned2023-02-10T06:57:38Z
dc.date.available2023-02-10T06:57:38Z
dc.date.issued2022-05
dc.description.abstractCrop production in sustainable manner through modern-agro techniques become the need of 21st century to feed the rising population across the planet earth. The producing crops without compromising future natural resources is very important to takes crop under rice-fallows. This study was led out by keeping in view that ricefallows in the Meghalaya and across the country remains more due to one or other problems specially lack of soil moisture, so to overcome from the lack of soil moisture could be solved by the application of organic mulch which are eco-friendly and improve in the soil properties including soil chemical and biological properties. However, the sowing of potato crop under rice fallows on time is very important to get higher tuber yield. Because the potato crop is very sensitive to rising temperature under changing climatic scenario, also sowing of potato crop on time does not require any monetary inputs which is another benefit to farmers of Meghalaya and other regions of NEI as well as for other parts of the country. The present study was led out on rice-potato system under rice fallows to increase in the cropping intensity of the region by taking potato crop under various sowing dates and mulching practices throughout the 2018-19 and 2019-20, and their results were recorded significantly beneficial in terms of both quantity and quality. Firstly, the thermal response of potato crop was recorded significant under S1 (5th November) sowing date among various practices, and sowing of potato crop after S1 has significantly negative effect on plant physiological parameter (plant height, number of primary and secondary branches, leaf area index), on growth parameters (CGR, RGR, NAR, dry matter production, days to 50 % emergence, stolon formation, tuber initiation and tuber bulking rate), on yield and yield parameters (number of tubers, weight of tubers, individual tuber weight, grading of tubers, biological yield, tuber yield and harvest index) and on meteorological parameters (light interception, radiation use efficiency, thermal use efficiency, lead area duration and growing degree days) at different growth stage during experimentation. However, the higher plant height (cm) was recorded under M1 (rice straw) and M2 (weed biomass) mulch and lower in M0 (No mulch); number of primary and secondary branches were recorded under M1 and M0 mulches at 90 and 75 DAS, individually. Higher and lower leaf area index was recorded under S2 (20th November sowing date), M2 and M0; CGR -Haulm, CGR-Tuber, RGR, NAR recorded higher under S1 and lower under S4 (20th December sowing date) and dry matter in the S1 and S5, days to 50% emergence, stolon formation and tuber initiation under M0 and M1 mulches while bulking rate was significantly higher and lower under S1 and S5 (4th January sowing date), M0 at 105 DAS. However, the higher tuber yield and harvest index during both years was recorded under S1 and M0 combinations. Higher amount of good quality “A”, “B” and “C” grade tubers were recorded under S1M1 (5th November sowing date and rice straw mulch), S1M2 (5th November sowing date and weed biomass mulch) and S5M0 (4th January sowing date and no mulch) at harvest during experimentation. Moreover, the higher and lower LI, RUE, TUE, LAD and GDD were recorded under S1 and S5 except LI under M1 and M0 during both the years, respectively. Increased N mineralization pattern of organic mulches was chronicled in M1 under S5 and M2 under S1, P mineralization of M1 under S1; M2 under S1 and K mineralization of M1 under S3 during first and second year, respectively. Soil moisture depletion pattern was chronicled variable at various growth stages as well as under various soil depths, the advanced depletion was recorded at upper soil layers (0-15 cm) in assessment to lower soil layers (15-30 and 30-45 cm soil depths) under M0 and M1, respectively. The chemical and biological pools were changed with growth stages of potato and soil depths (0-10, 10-20 and 20-30 cm soil depth), also higher pool was observed during second year in contrast to first years under different sowing dates and mulching practices during both years of research. Besides, the biological pools of bacterial counts were recorded higher at early sowings under M1 mulch and as delayed sowing leads to lower bacterial count at various soil depths, while in case of fungal count, its higher number was recorded under delayed sowings from S1 onwards in M1 mulch in comparison to M0 at various growth stages as well as at different soil depths. Moreover, the significantly higher gross income, net income and benefit to cost ratio was recorded under S1 sowing date in comparison to others and higher cost of cultivation of the rice-potato system was recorded under M1 in comparison to others. Lastly, the potato crop sown on early dates with rice straw and weed biomass mulch were found most suitable in comparison to late sowing and no mulch practices in rice fallows under valley land of Meghalaya.en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/5810193571
dc.keywordsRice-potato system, Organic mulches, Sowing dates, Rice -Fallows, Valley land.en_US
dc.language.isoEnglishen_US
dc.pages[32], 316p.en_US
dc.publisherCollege of Post Graduate Studies in Agricultural Sciences, CAU-Imphal, Umiamen_US
dc.subAgronomyen_US
dc.subjectFallow systemen_US
dc.subjectPotatoen_US
dc.themeAcademic Researchen_US
dc.these.typePh.Den_US
dc.titleStudies on the suitability of potato in rice fallows under valley land of Meghalayaen_US
dc.typeThesisen_US
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