Performance of black gram (Vigna mungo (L.) varieties under rainfed under rainfed farming situation
Loading...
Date
2016
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
JNKVV
Abstract
ABSTRACT
The field experiment was conducted at All India Coordinated Research Project for Dryland Agriculture, Kuthulia Farm, College of Agriculture, Rewa (M.P.) during Kharif 2015. The experiment was aimed to find out suitable variety for existing agro-climatic conditions of Kymore plateau and Satpura hills zone of Madhya Pradesh. The rainfall during the crop season was 689.9 mm. The soil of the experimental field was clay loam having pH 6.72, electrical conductively 0.14 ds/m, organic carbon 0.51 %, available N 232.40 kg/ha, P2O5 10.60 kg/ha, and available K2O 229.50 kg/ha. The treatments comprised sixteen blackgram genotypes were laid out in randomized block design with three replications. Recommended uniform dose of N and P2O5 was 20: 40 kg /ha. The entire quantity of these fertilizers was applied as basal at the time of sowing. The seeds @ 20 kg/ha were sown in lines on 9th July, 2015 at 30 cm row to row distance. The crop was harvested at 16th October, 2015. All the recommended cultural practices were followed to raise the crop with the following objectives:
To study the growth and development of different blackgram varieties under rainfed condition.
To identify the suitable blackgram varieties for rainfed condition.
To find out the economics of different treatments.
The variety TU 136 attained significantly tallest plants over all the remaining varieties at 15 DAS and at crop maturity (13.80 and 66.00 cm, respectively). This was followed by and at par with TU 98-4 (13.07 cm) at 15 DAS of observation and 63.33 cm at maturity stage. At 30 DAS, PU 35, TU 98-4 and TU 136 genotypes produced significantly higher number of branches (3.67, 3.30 and 3.00/plant) over most of the remaining varieties whereas DU 4 gave minimum branches (1.73/plant). At 60 DAS, the production trend of branches among the different varieties was almost the same as observed at 30 days stage. The variety PU 35 recorded higher number of branches (5.20/plant) over the remaining varieties, followed by and at par with TU 98-4 (4.93/plant), TU 10 (4.73/plant), TU 136 (4.60/plant) and TU 27 (4.47/plant).
Out of 16 blackgram varieties, PU 30 attained earliest days to flower initiation (35.67 days), 50 % flowering in 46.33 days and finally crop maturity in 60.67 days. The genotype which matured one day late matured in 61.67 days was JU 2. Contrary to this, the variety PU 35 taken maximum 40.33 days to flower initiation, 51.67 days to 50% flowering, thereby crop maturity became late by thirteen days (73.67 days). Amongst the 16 varieties of blackgram, PU 35 brought about most of the yield-attributes up to almost maximum extent i.e. 27.70 pods/plant, 6.47 cm length of pods, 5.87 grains/pod and 162.39 grains/plant. The 1000-grain weight (48.67 g) was maximum in case of TU 136.
Amongst the 16 varieties of blackgram, PU 35 and TU 98-4 produced the significantly higher grain yield up to 843 to 755 kg/ha as well as stover yield up to 2183 and 2159 kg/ha, respectively. But, the non-significantly maximum (31.14%) harvest index was recorded with IVU 88-10. The third best genotype in respect to grain yield was PDU 1 (718 kg/ha) and stover yield was 1931 kg/ha.
Among the blackgram varieties, PU 35 proved highly profitable giving net income up to ₹ 59338/ha with B: C ratio up to 4.24. The other best genotypes were TU 98-4 and PDU 1, which gave net income up to ₹ 51609/ha and ₹ 48097/ha with B: C ratio 3.85 and 3.66, respectively. The higher monetary gain from these three varieties was due to their higher grain and stover yields per hectare which fetched higher market price. On the other hand, the varieties like DU 4 recorded the lowest net income (₹ 4287/ha) with B:C ratio 1.25 only.
Conclusion
On the basis of the field experiment it was concluded that the blackgram variety PU 35 was found superior over rest of the varieties.
The maximum grain yield was 843 kg/ha, stover yield 2183 kg/ha.
The highest net income of Rs.59338/ha and B:C ratio 4.24bunder the rainfed situation of Kymore plateau and Satpura hill zone of Madhya Pradesh. The other varieties which were able to give good yield under this type of climatic situations are TU 98-4 and PDU 1.
Description
Keywords
AGRONOMY