Biochemical Changes in Pea Due to Powdery Mildew Incited by Erysiphe polygoni DC and its Management
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Date
2022
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Abstract
Pea (Pisum sativum L.) is an important cool season crop, belongs to
the Leguminosae family. Pulses are providing quality food to teeming million
and restoring soil fertility through nitrogen fixation. Pea crop is damaged by
many fungal, viral and bacterial diseases.
Powdery mildew of pea incited by Erysiphe polygoni emerged as a
major disease in Rajasthan. Generally, this disease appeared in the first week
of March and reaches at peak in April. Powdery mildew of pea is detected by
presence of white floury patches appearing on upper and lower sides of the
leaves as well as pods, stem, tendril etc. in extreme condition it causes
significant losses in quantity and quality of the seed.
In vitro studies showed that the highest conidial germination was
reported at 250C temperature and 80 per cent relative humidity.
Among biochemical basis of resistance in pea, peroxidase and phenol
content are minimum in healthy plants compared to infected plants. Reducing
sugar is maximum in healthy plants as compared to infected plants.
Among tested six natural products used as two foliar applications;
Neem Seed Kernel Extract (NSKE) was found most effective with 62.38 per
cent disease control. Followed by Panchgavya with 57.50 per cent disease
control.
Among tested five SAR activators single spray of salicylic acid
@250ppm before disease appearance recorded minimum 25.71 per cent
disease intensity by decreasing 55.07 per cent disease intensity over control.
Out of six fungicides tested for their efficacy for the control of Erysiphe
polygoni on pea. Two foliar spray of Hexaconazole @0.1% first at before
disease appearance and second at after disease appearance were found
minimum 13.85 per cent disease intensity by decreasing 76.55 per cent
disease intensity over control followed by Propiconazole was second best
recorded with 16.68 per cent disease intensity by decreasing 71.76 per cent
disease intensity over control.