Studies on Anthracnose [Colletotrichum capsici (Sydow) Butler and Bisby] of Chilli (Capsicum annuum L.) and its Management
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Date
2020-10-08
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Agriculture University, Jodhpur
Abstract
Chilli (Capsicum annuum L.), belonging to the family Solanaceae is an
important spice and vegetable crop because of its massive consumption worldwide.
Chilli is native of Tropical America (Brazil) and has been cultivated throughout the
world including the tropics, subtropics and temperate regions. Chilli production is
continuously attacked by several diseases which drastically reduces the quality and
yield of fruit resulting in low returns to farmers. Among all, Anthracnose caused by
Colletotrichum capsici (Sydow) Butler and Bisby is one of the most important
diseases, causing considerable damage, inflicting severe quantitative and qualitative
losses. The disease starting from the field may be continuing even after the fruits have
been harvested and kept for drying and storage. The disease is prevalent in almost all
major chilli growing areas and it is reported to cause 25–48 % loss in different parts
of India. The detailed studies on various aspects were carried out in the present study.
A survey conducted for anthracnose disease incidence in different tehsils of
Jodhpur district of Rajasthan showed that Tiwari recorded highest anthracnose disease
incidence (22.02 %) followed by Bhopalgarh (19.33 %), Bawari (17.26 %), Osian
(15.04 %) and least anthracnose incidence was recorded in Bilara (12.94 %).
The freshly infected chilli plants showing typical anthracnose symptoms were
collected from the farmer’s field and were subjected to isolation by following
standard tissue isolation method and revealed the association of Colletotrichum sp.
after studying the cultural and morphological characters of the fungus and the
pathogenicity was proved by following Koch’s Postulates. The pure culture obtained
was sent for identification to Indian Type Culture Collection (I.T.C.C.), I.A.R.I., New
Delhi – 110 012 and was identified as Colletotrichum capsici (I.D. No. 11,342.20).
Ten chilli cultivars were screened and none of the cultivars showed immune,
resistant and highly resistant reaction under field condition.
Among the fungicides screened in vitro, complete mycelial growth inhibition of
C. capsici was observed in Tebuconazole 50 % + Trifloxystrobin 25 %. The lowest
anthracnose severity was observed in spray with Trifloxystrobin 25 % +
Tebuconazole 50 % at 1.5 ml/lit (11.55 %) under field conditions.
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Citation
Vijay Pal 2020. Studies on Anthracnose [Colletotrichum capsici (Sydow) Butler and Bisby] of Chilli (Capsicum annuum L.) and its Management. M.Sc. thesis, College of Agriculture, Agriculture University, Jodhpur.