Studies on growth, yield and processing qualities of sweet pepper under protected condition
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Date
2024-10-23
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Department of Vegetable science, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur, Nadia – 741252
Abstract
A crop improvement programme was initiated to examine genetic variability, character association, and genetic diversity in the growth, yield, and processing qualities of sweet pepper
(Capsicum annuum L. var. grossum Sendt) under protected condition. The field experiment was conducted during rabi season of 2023-2024 in the research field of All India Coordinated Research project on Vegetable Crops at C-Block Farm of Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Kalyani, Nadia, West Bengal and laboratory experiment was conducted in the laboratory of Department of Vegetable Science and Quality Control Laboratory, Faculty of Horticulture, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur, Nadia. Fifteen genotypes having different fruit colours and fruit shapes were evaluated in a randomised complete block design with three replications under low cost polyhouse. Genetic variability, heritability, correlation, path analysis and genetic divergence were analysed for different growth, yield and fruit quality characters as per standard biometrical methods.
The salient findings are summarized below
I) A high Shannon-Weaver diversity index, with an overall mean of 81.40%, was obtained, indicating significant diversity among the sweet pepper genotypes. The character fruit colour showed the maximum diversity (2.037).
II) Genotype, Ayesha (1.09kg/plant) followed by 2022/CAP 6 (1.07kg/ha) were found superior based on fruit yield/plant and Baby Bell followed by BC CAP Red were the superior genotypes based on processing qualities. C/4, Ayesha and 2022/CAP 6 were the superior genotypes based on both fruit yield/plant and processing qualities. These genotypes could be recommended for open field condition in the Gangetic Alluvial Zone of West Bengal.
III) All characters under study, except for days to first harvest, exhibited high heritability along with high genetic advance as a percentage of the mean.
IV) The characters viz., average fruit weight and the number of fruits per plant should be regarded as key selection indices for enhancing the yield of sweet pepper.
V) The genotypes were classified into six clusters based on the estimated D² values, representing the square generalized distance.
VI) The traits of fruit yield per plant, vitamin C content, β-carotene content, average fruit weight, number of fruits per plant, and lycopene content collectively accounted for nearly 100% of the contribution to divergence.
VII) Based on fruit colour, fruit shape, yield potential, and multivariate analysis, five diverse sweet pepper genotypes viz., 2022/CAP 5, Baby Bell, 2022/CAP 3, Royal Wonder, and 2022/CAP 7 were selected for future breeding programme.
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Bhunia, N. (2024). Studies on growth, yield and processing qualities of sweet pepper under protected condition (Master’s thesis). Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya.