Effect of pruning intensities in dalbergia sissoo roxb. on the growth and yield of turmeric under different planting date in agroforestry system
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Date
2016
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JNKVV
Abstract
ABSTRACT
The experiment entitled “Effect of Pruning Intensities of Dalbergia sissoo Roxb. on the Growth and Yield of Turmeric under Different Planting Date in Agroforestry System’’ The field experiment was carried out at the New Dusty Acre Area ,Department of Forestry, College of Agriculture Jawaharlal Nehru Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Jabalpur (M.P.) in kharif season of 2015-16.
The fifteen treatment combinations consisting of pruning intensity viz., no pruning. 25%, 50%, 75% and open conditions, date of plantings (D1, D2, D3) in all possible combination were tested in Strip Plot Design with four replications. The various observations on growth parameter viz., plant height (cm), stem diameter (mm), were made at successive growth intervals including maturity. The physiological parameter were calculated as leaf area index, number of leaves per shoot and number of shoot per hill. The yield attributing traits i.e. number of fingers/rhizome, length and width of fingers and fresh rhizome yield/plant were recorded at harvest. Finally fresh rhizomes yield was recorded. The economic viability of treatments was also determined on per hectare basis. Tabulation and statistical analysis of data were done for interpretation of result which are summarized as under.
The growth and yield were parameters significantly influenced by the different treatments as compared to only crop
Effect of pruning intensity
The maximum plant height and stem diameter was noted under 25% of pruning followed by 50% pruning, while the lowest plant height was recorded at 75% pruning but higher than open conditions at different interval of plant growth. The length of fingers per rhizome was maximum under 50% pruning (5.2 cm) followed by 25% pruning (4.9 cm), while lowest was recorded under open condition (4.4 cm).
The number of fingers per rhizome (6.1) and width of fingers (2.1 cm) were maximum under 25% pruning followed by 50% pruning (5.9) and width is (1.9 cm), while the lowest number of fingers (5.5) and width of fingers (1.5 cm) was recorded under open condition.
The LAI gradually increased at steady rate up to 180 days after planting under all treatment then decreased as crop reaches towards maturity.
The maximum fresh yield of rhizomes (2734.4 kg/ha) was recorded under 25% pruning followed by 50% pruning (2535.4 Kg/ha) pruning and 75% of pruning. Whereas, the lowest fresh yield of rhizomes (2088.5 kg/ha) was recorded under open conditions.
Effect of date of planting
Significantly maximum plant height was observed in Ist date of planting (D1) as compared to last date of planting (D3) at different intervals of growth. Effect of planting on stem diameter, number of fingers, width of fingers and fresh yield (kg/ha) was found significant.
The effect of date of planting on the leaf area index at different intervals of crop growth was found significant except 120, 150, 180 days growth stage. However, the maximum leaf area index was recorded at 180 days growth stage period at (D1) Ist date of planting (22.6) followed by 2nd date of planting (D2) i.e. 20.2.
Morphological growth characters of Shisham tree
The growth characters on shisham tree viz., tree height, dbh, canopy spread in North- South and East-West were recorded. Effect of different pruning intensities on tree height was non significant where height vari,ed from 11.3 to 13.1 m
Different pruning intensities showed significant effect on tree dbh. 25% pruning recorded significantly higher dbh (24.6 cm) which was at par with no pruning (23.8 cm) and 50% pruning (22 cm). 75% pruning recorded significantly lower stem diameter at breast height (17.4 cm).Different level of date of planting showed no significant influence on dbh of D. sissoo.
Different pruning intensity showed significant effect on canopy spread in N-S and E-W direction. No pruning recorded significantly higher canopy spread in both N-S (9.88 m) and E-W (9.95 m) directions which was significantly superior to different pruning treatments. Among different pruning intensities, 25% pruning recorded significantly higher canopy spread in N-S (8.43 m) and E-W (8.61 m) direction which was at par with 50% pruning (7.48 m) and (7.53 m). 75% pruning gave significantly lowest canopy spread in both N-S (6.41 m) and E-W (6.46 m) directions.
Different dates of planting showed no significant effect on canopy spread in both N-S and E-W direction.The maximum pruned biomass was measured in highest pruning intensity i.e. 75% pruning (1085 kg/ha) followed by 50% pruning (932 kg/ha) and 25% pruning (701 kg/ha).
The maximum cylindrical volume of tree was recorded at 25% pruning (249 m3/ha), while the lowest was found at 75 % pruning.
Different pruning intensities showed significant effect on stand biomass of the tree. At the age of 15 years, significantly highest stand biomass was recorded in 25% pruning (191730 kg/ha) which was significantly superior to other pruning intensities. The 75% pruning recorded significantly lowest stand biomass (82698 kg/ha).Effect of different dates of planting on stand biomass was non significant.
Different pruning intensities showed significant effect on net monetary return. The 25% pruning recorded significantly higher net monetary return (Rs 94062 ha) which was at par with 50% pruning (Rs 82125 ha) but significantly superior to 75% pruning (Rs 75625 ha) and No pruning (Rs 60937 ha). Crop alone recorded the lowest net monetary return (Rs 55312 ha). Under Managed agroforestry system turmeric with 25% pruning recorded higher monetary return (Rs 94062 ha) as compared to crop alone (Rs 55312 ha) and tree alone i.e. Rs 31263 ha (Table- 4.14 and Fig.- 4.55)
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