Design of a microstrip antenna for early brain stroke detection
Loading...
Date
2022-10
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, District Udham Singh Nagar, Uttarakhand. PIN - 263145
Abstract
Stroke is one of the world's most serious health issue. A decrease of blood flow to a portion of the brain that results in brain tissue damage is termed as stroke in medical science. Blood clots and ruptured blood arteries in the brain are the main causes of strokes Depending on which portion of the brain is injured and how long the brain is deprived of blood flow, a stroke may result in either temporary or permanent disability A brain stroke can be categorized under ischemic stroke and hemorrhagic stroke. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), Biopsy Test, Computerized Tomography (CT) scan, Positron Emission Tomography (PET) scan, Electro Encephalogram (EEG), and other tests are available for early diagnosis of brain stroke. Existing approaches are noninvasive, but they are constrained by cost and reliability concerns. These diagnostic approaches are insufficient to detect stroke in human head. In the dissertation, a microstrip slot antenna has been designed with stroke model and human head phantom model, and stroke is detected with the help of antenna. In the ISM band frequency range proposed antenna with circular edge slots and circular slot in slot in the front plane and ground slotted plane has been designed. A 3-D seven layer simulated head phantom model is designed and interfaced with the proposed antenna with and without stroke model. The seven layer head phantom model consists of skin, fat, muscle, skull, dura cerebro spinal fluid and brain layers with different thickness, permittivity and conuctivity. The stroke is detected by observing changes in antenna performance parameters viz. return loss, peak gain, radiation efficiency. Sphere shaped stroke is detected by observing variation in the antenna performance parameter. The stroke detection is applied on the cylindrical phantom on the HFSS software. The result shows that the change in performance is experienced as the distance between the antenna and the head phantom is changed. The value of peak gain and radiation efficiency decreases thus depicting the presence of stroke.