Economic analysis of production and marketing of pulses in Haryana
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Date
2017
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CCSHAU
Abstract
Pulses on account of their vital role in nutritional security and soil ameliorative properties have been an
integral part of sustainable agriculture since ages. The decrease in production and shrinkage in the area
of pulse crops in Haryana since inception, as a consequence of green revolution and is a cause of great
concern. Therefore, an attempt has been made in the present study to examine the various
aspects of pulse production and marketing in Haryana with the following objectives: i) To
workout growth in area, production and productivity of pulses, ii) To estimate the costs and returns of
pulses iii) To study marketing pattern and price spread through different marketing channels iv) To
identify major constraints in the production and marketing of pulses.
To derive the inferences of the study, the primary data were collected from 90 farmers i.e. 45
each from Bhiwani and Hisar district. The required data pertaining to marketing pattern, costs and
margin were collected from various intermediaries and used in the analysis by simple tabular analysis.
On the basis of the nature of data, various statistical and economic tools were used for estimation of
cost and returns of production, marketing costs and margins.
The decade wise compound growth rates of area, production and productivity under pulses in
Haryana state for the year 1966-67 to 2015-16 have been calculated. The area and production of total
pulses in Haryana declined at a respective compound growth rate of 5.5 and 5.0 per cent per annum
while its productivity has shown an increase by 0.5 per cent per annum, during entire study period.
Decade wise analysis revealed that negative growth in area and production was more prominent during
fifth decade i.e. (9.09%) and (7.97%) respectively. In the production process, average cost of
cultivation was found Rs. 13500/acre and Rs. 13700/acre in case of moong and gram production,
respectively. Net profit was Rs. 1866/acre from moong while that was Rs. 2131/acre from gram. Net
returns showed an increasing trend with the rise in farm size. This established that the large farm was
more economical. Benefit-cost ratio was 1.14 and 1.16 in case of moong and gram production,
respectively.
In the study, the following four marketing channels i.e Producer Commission agent
Processor Wholesaler Retailer Consumer, Producer Village traderProcessor
Wholesaler Retailer Consumer, Producer Processor Wholesaler Retailer Consumer
and Producer ProcessorConsumer. It was observed that producer's share in consumer's rupee was
highest in channel-IV and marketing cost was highest in channel- II due to more intermediaries.
The main production constraints noticed were inadequate knowledge of recommended
packages and practices, unfavorable weather condition and non-availability of quality water for
irrigation. The main marketing constraints were price fluctuation, small quantity of marketable surplus,
non-availability of reliable market information system and involvement of large number of
intermediaries in the marketing.
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