Measuring and modelling the impact of management interventions on water and nitrogen dynamics in rice and wheat
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Date
2023
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Punjab Agricultural University
Abstract
Field experimentation along with the use of crop models explore complex weather, soil, and management interactions. In this context a split-split plot designed field experiment on the rice-wheat cropping system was conducted for two years (2020-2022) at two locations. The treatments for rice consisted of two varieties (PR122 (V1) and PR126 (V2)) in the main plot, two irrigation levels (irrigation at 2 days drainage period (I1) and on soil water suction 16 kPa (I2)) in the sub plot and two nitrogen levels (120 (N1) and 90 kg (N2) N ha-1) in the sub-sub plot. The treatments for wheat consisted of two varieties (Unnat PBW343 (V1) and Unnat PBW550 (V2)) in the main plot, two irrigation levels (irrigation based on IW/CPE ratio of 1.2 (I1) and 0.9 (I2)) in the sub plot and two nitrogen levels (120 (N1) and 90 (N2) kg N ha-1) in the sub-sub plot. The treatment V1I2N1 recorded highest yield and yield attributes in rice, while V1I1N1 showed maximum yield and attributes in wheat. The I1 irrigation in rice and I2 in wheat had higher water use efficiency and less water footprint. HYDRUS 1D modeling showed higher soil water storage and root water uptake in I2 treatment in rice and I1 treatment in wheat. The leaching of NO3-N to lower depths in rice was more in I2 treatment. DSSAT simulations suggested shifting rice irrigation to 3 days drainage period and increasing wheat nitrogen dose to 150 kg ha-1 for achieving similar yields as present recommended practice.
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Jyolsna T. (2023). Measuring and modelling the impact of management interventions on water and nitrogen dynamics in rice and wheat (Unpublished Ph.D. Dissertation). Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India.