Dissipation and Persistence Kinetics of Fipronil and Flubendiamide on Cabbage and Monitoring of Insecticide Residues in Vegetables
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Date
2022
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Abstract
Dissipation and Persistence Kinetics of Fipronil and
flubendiamide on Cabbage and Monitoring of insecticide Residues in
Vegetables was studied, following the application at recommended
dose (40 and 18.24 g a. i. ha-1
), respectively and double of the
recommended dose (80 and 36.48 g a. i. ha-1
), respectively, in the
Division of Entomology, Pesticide Residue Laboratory, Rajasthan
Agricultural Research Institute, Durgapura, Jaipur (Rajasthan) during
(2020-21). The persistence study on cabbage recorded the average
initial deposit of pesticide fipronil, its three metabolites desulfinyl
(MB046513), sulfide (MB045950) and sulfone (MB046136) were 0.641,
0.377, 0.065, and 0.327 respectively and flubendiamide on cabbage
was recorded as 0.292 mg kg-1
at recommended dose, while at double
of the recommended dose, the average initial deposit were 1.077,
0.737, 0.115, and 0.677 for fipronil and its metabolites and 0.506 mg
kg-1
for flubendiamide. The control sample of the cabbage show the
residue of the fipronil, its three metabolites and flubendiamide,
respectively.
The residues half-life (RL50) values were 2.4, 2.7, 2.7, and 2.6
days for fipronil and its metabolites at recommended dose and 3.6
days for flubendiamide while at double of the recommended doses, it is
4.3, 2.6, 3.6, 2.9 and 4.5 for respectively. The waiting periods for the respective pesticides were worked out at their limit of determination
(0.001 and 0.05 mg kg-1
for fipronil, its metabolites and flubendiamide)
due to lack of MRL value by the FSSAI. In case of soil samples the
residues at harvest time of cabbage crop was not detected in the
recommended dose and double of the recommended dose,
respectively.
In decontamination studies, acetic acid treatment was
significantly superior to rest of the treatments followed by lukewarm
water, NaHCO3 5 percent, NaCl 1 percent NaCl, KMnO4 and tap water
washing were recorded in reduction of fipronil and its metabolites
residues. While in reduction of flubendiamide residues, lukewarm water
treatment was significantly superior to rest of the treatments followed
by acetic acid 5 percent, NaHCO3 5 percent , NaCl 1 percent, KMnO4
and tap water washing. Out of 40 samples of different farmgate
vegetables analysed, 10 vegetable samples (25%) were detected with
different pesticides residues. While, out of 40 market vegetables
samples analysed, 12 vegetable samples (30%) were found
contaminated with different pesticide residues. None of the samples
showed pesticide residues exceeding the MRL in farmgate and market
samples. Therefore, the study concluded that fipronil was the most
persistent followed by desulfinyl, sulfone, sulfide and flubendiamide as
least persistent among test pesticides on cabbage. The safe waiting
period on cabbage were suggested as 5, 6, 3, 6 and 6 days at
recommended dose and 10, 7, 7, 7 and 8 days at double of the
recommended dose for fipronil, its metabolites and flubendiamide,
respectively. In case of fipronil and its metabolites, acetic acid was
found as the most effective decontamination process. While in case of
flubendiamide luke warm water was significantly superior to rest of the
treatments. Pesticide monitoring study is a continuous one and the real
dimension of the problem may be apprehended only after widespread
monitoring with adequately large sample size