Effect of tree spacing and organic manures on growth, flower and seed production of floriculture crops under Grewia optiva Drummond. based agroforestry system
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Date
2015
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YSPU
Abstract
The present investigation entitled “Effect of tree spacing and organic manures on growth, flower and seed production of floriculture crops under Grewia optivaDrummond. based agroforestry system” was carried out in the experimental farm of Department of Silviculture and Agroforestry, Dr.Y.S.Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan (H.P.) for consecutive two years during 2012-2014. The experiment was laid out in split plot design. The study was aimed at exploring the possibilities of successful cultivation of floriculture crops as intercrop under Grewia optivaalong with the different doses
of organic manures used. The experiment comprised of four tree spacing (1m, 2m, 3m and open) and eight
doses of organic manures (5.00 kg FYM,3.00 kg vermicompost,5.00 kg municipal solid waste, PGPR, 5.00 kg FYM + PGPR , 3.00 kg vermicompost + PGPR , 5.00 kg municipal solid waste + PGPR and control i.e. without manures ) in combination with and without Grewia. The results revealed that winter
and summer annuals can be grown successfully grown under agroforestry system. The use of
vermicompost and FYM in combination with PGPR at appropriate doses was found beneficial for
minimizing competition for critical resources and enhancing the productivity of floriculture crops. Vermicompost @2.00 kg/plot + PGPR found to be the best dose followed by FYM @ 5.00 kg/ plot
+PGPR. Alone PGPR was not as much effective, while in combination with FYM, Vermicompost, FYM and Municipal solid waste it significantly increases the growth, flower and seed parameters of the winter and summer annuals. It was observed that winter annuals i.e. Dianthus barbatus L. and Godetia grandiflora L. performed well under Grewia optiva in compare to summer annuals i.e. Callistephus
chinensis L. Nees and Gomphrena globosa L. Godetia grandiflora got the maximum seed yield under
agroforestry system as well as in open condition. Flower parameters of Dianthus barbatus found to be the
best under agroforestry system. Growth, flower andseed production parameters were also found to be
higher in open condition as compared to beneath tree canopy. Among 3 spacing of tree 3m spacing found
to be best for overall growth, flower and seed production of floriculture crops. The present study reveals
that the maximum leaves and branch wood biomass was recorded in 3m spacing. Soil physical and
chemical properties found to improve under agroforestry system as compare to open (tree less area). The
availability of nutrients N, P and K was high where, applied with organic manures in agroforestry system
as well as in sole crop. The benefit cost ratio of growing floriculture crop with Grewia optivaranged from
1.66 to 3.78 where it was 1.55 to 3.53 for sole condition. Integrating flower crops with Grewia optiva
offers an excellent opportunity for diversificationand high income generating than the monoculture. It will
also open new vistas for the research to evaluate the performance of flower crop under tree canopy.
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Keywords
organic fertilizers, spacing, developmental stages, planting, sowing, yields, farming systems, agroforestry systems, crops, farmyard manure