HETEROSIS BREEDING IN GLADIOLUS (Gladiolus hybridus Hort.)
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Date
2015-04
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University of Agricultural Sciences Dharwad
Abstract
Studies on heterosis and combining ability in gladiolus (Gladiolus hybridus Hort.) were taken during 2010-2014 at ‘Floriculture Unit’ of new orchard of University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad.
Analysis of variances revealed significant differences among the genotypes for all the characters. Genotypes exhibited highest GCV and PCV for earliness (days for first floret to open, days for first floret to show color), days for first to last floret opening, corm weight and corm diameter. The high heritability estimates with moderate genetic advance over mean found in most of the characters viz., rachis length, spike length, floret diameter, floret length, days for first to last floret opening, corm weight, corm diameter and number of florets per spike in all genotypes.
Association analysis revealed that number of florets per spike was significantly and positively associated with corm weight, corm diameter, plant height, number of leaves, spike length and inter floret length.
Among the 45 hybrids developed using diallel analysis, IP x TF exhibited higher per se for number of florets per spike, vase life and rachis length with significant positive mid parent heterosis, better parent heterosis and economic heterosis. The hybrids CM x WS and WP x WS were early to spike initiation, to show color and also early for first floret to open. Among ten parents, White Siphon was found to be the best combiner for earliness where as Tiger Flame was the best combiner for number of florets, floret length and rachis length. Variance due to SCA was higher than GCA for most of the characters studied indicating involvement of dominant gene action than additive gene action.
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