Clinical studies on the management of dental and mandibular affections in dogs
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Date
2016
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Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana
Abstract
The present study was conducted in two parts. The first part was a clinical study that consisted of 45 dogs presented with affections of oral cavity and associated structures i.e. teeth and mandible. The cases were divided into 2 groups based on the presenting problem. Out of the 45 dogs presented, 26 cases (Group I) were related to dental tartar, and 19 cases (Group II) were related to mandibular fractures. The fourteen male (53.85%) and twelve female (46.15%) dogs included in group I had an average age of 7.54±0.51 year (1-13 years) and mean body weight 23.11±2.71 kg (3.2-68 kg). A bacteriological culture of swab collected from super gingival dental area of the 26 dogs with dental tartar was done and staphylococcus (42.30%) was found to be most prevalent bacteria with highest in vitro susceptibility to amoxicillin and clindamycin (76.92%). Out of the 26 cases presented with dental tartar, dental scaling along with tooth extraction was performed in 17 (65.38%) cases. Group II included 34 mandible fractures in 19 dogs. Out of the 19 dogs presented, 13(68.42%) had bilateral fractures (26 mandibular fractures), 1 (5.26%) had a bilateral canine fracture as well as a symphyseal fracture and remaining 5 (26.32%) had unilateral fractures. Out of the 19 mandible fracture cases presented, fourteen were males (73.68%) and five were females (26.32%). The mean age was 1.95±0.46 years (ranging from 3 months to 7 years) and mean body weight was 10.94±1.42 kg (ranging from 3.4 to 23.5 kg) with varying clinical signs. Most common site of fracture was canine region (61.76%). Mandible fractures were fixed surgically either by doing orthopaedic wiring or by applying acrylic (ProtempTM 4) as a composite material for the fabrication of temporary restorations. Acrylic provided additional stability to the fractured fragments and formed a hard cast around the wire and fractured site, causing proper immobilization of the site and aiding in better and faster healing of the fracture site. The second part of study was an epidemiological study done on 100 dogs. The dogs above 1 year of age presented for minor conditions like wound management, bandaging, ear infections, small tumours, etc with no pre-existing dental complaints were included in the study.