Effect of Nano Fertilizers on Productivity of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)
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Date
2024-03-16
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Agriculture University, Jodhpur
Abstract
A field experiment was carried out to study the “Effect of nano fertilizers
on productivity of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)” at Instructional Farm, College of
Agriculture, Jodhpur (Agriculture University, Jodhpur, Rajasthan) during Rabi
seasons of 2021-22 and 2022-23. The field experiment was laid out in randomized
block design (RBD) with fourteen treatments replicated thrice. The treatments
comprised of T1-100% RDF + two foliar spray of nano N at 35 & 55 DAS, T2-100%
RDF + foliar spray of nano P at 35 DAS, T3-100% RDF + ST with nano P at 5 ml/kg
seed and two foliar spray of nano N at 35 & 55 DAS, T4-75% RDF + two foliar spray
of nano N at 35 & 55 DAS, T5-75% RDF + foliar spray of nano P at 35 DAS, T6-
100% RDF + ST with nano P at 5 ml/kg seed and two foliar spray of nano N at 35 &
55 DAS, T7-50% RDF + two foliar spray of nano N at 35 & 55 DAS, T8-50% RDF +
foliar spray of nano P at 35 DAS, T9-50% RDF + ST with nano P at 5 ml/kg seed and
two foliar spray of nano N at 35 & 55 DAS, T10-Foliar spray of nano P at 35 DAS +
two foliar spray of nano N at 35 & 55 DAS, T11-ST with nano P at 5 ml/kg seed +
foliar spray of nano P at 35 DAS + two foliar spray of nano N at 35 & 55 DAS, T12-
ST with nano P at 5 ml/kg seed + two foliar spray of nano N at 35 & 55 DAS, T13-
100% RDF through conventional fertilizers and T14-Control.
Findings based on pooled analysis indicate that the highest plant height
(93.5 cm) and dry matter accumulation (1004.7 g/m2
) at harvest stage were recorded
with the application of 100% RDF + ST with nano P and two foliar spray of nano N at
35 & 55 DAS which was statistically at par with 100% RDF + two foliar spray of
nano N at 35 & 55 DAS. Similarly, the highest values of CGR between 40-80 DAS
(16.40 g/m2/day) and 80 DAS-at harvest (3.86 g/m2/day) were also recorded with application of 100% RDF + ST with nano P and two foliar spray of nano N at 35 & 55
DAS, on pooled basis.
Application of 100% RDF + ST with nano P and two foliar spray of nano N
at 35 & 55 DAS substantially improved yield attributing characters viz., number of
tillers/m2 (431), no. of spikes/m2 (414), spike length (17.03 cm), no. of grains/spike (45.24) and test weight (46.32 g) over control. Application of 100% RDF + ST with
nano P and two foliar spray of nano N at 35 & 55 DAS recorded significantly higher
grain yield (4,399 kg/ha), straw yield (5,525 kg/ha) and biological yield (9,923 kg/ha)
and crude protein content (10.45%) over control on pooled basis.
Considerably higher N (25.97 & 83.10 kg/ha) and P (4.39 & 19.81 kg/ha)
uptake by wheat plant at 40 & 80 DAS were recorded under application of 100% RDF
+ ST with nano P and two foliar spray of nano N at 35 & 55 DAS over control,
respectively. However, it remained at par with 100% RDF + two foliar spray of nano
N at 35 & 55 DAS.
Significantly higher nitrogen and phosphorus uptake by grain (80.63 &
15.39 kg/ha) and straw (27.99 & 10.47 kg/ha) were recorded by 100% RDF + ST with
nano P and two foliar spray of nano N at 35 & 55 DAS over control, on pooled basis.
Post-harvest soil fertility analysis of wheat crop revealed that application of
100% RDF + ST with nano P and two foliar spray of nano N at 35 & 55 DAS
significantly enhanced available nitrogen (182.49 kg/ha), phosphorus (24.14 kg/ha)
and potassium (323.23 kg/ha) recorded in soil after harvest of wheat over 50% of
RDF in combination with nano fertilizers and control, on pooled basis. The microbial
population of bacteria (55.55 × 107 CFU/g of soil) and fungi (29.07 × 104 CFU/g of
soil) recorded at post-harvest stage were the highest with application of 100% RDF +
ST with nano P and two foliar spray of nano N at 35 & 55 DAS which was on par
with 100% RDF + two foliar spray of nano N at 35 & 55 DAS.
Economic analysis predict, that application of 100% RDF + ST with nano P
and two foliar spray of nano N at 35 & 55 DAS gave maximum grain yield (4,399
kg/ha), net return (₹ 79,814/ha) and B: C ratio (2.94).
Thus, based on the data of two years, it can be concluded that wheat grown
under the agro-climatic condition of Zone-Ia, can be fertilized with 100% RDF (90 kg
N/ha, 40 kg P2O5 and 20 kg K2O/ha) along with seed treatment with nano P @ 5
ml/kg of seed and two foliar spray of nano N @ 4 ml/L of water at 35 & 55 DAS for
higher production and net return from wheat.
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Citation
Borana, Hitesh 2024. Effect of Nano Fertilizers on Productivity of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Ph.D. Thesis, College of Agriculture, Agriculture University, Jodhpur