Prevalence of depression among adolescents and contributing factors
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Date
2014
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Publisher
CCSHAU
Abstract
The study was conducted in Hisar district of Haryana state on two groups of adolescents, one
having transition from school to university atmosphere and another continuing their 11th and 12th in the
same school atmosphere. To draw the sample for the first group, two colleges i.e., I.C. College of
Home Sciences and College of Agriculture of C.C.S. Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar were
purposively selected as these institutions admit children after 10th class. To draw the rural sample, three
villages namely Neoli Kala, Behbalpur and Mangali were randomly selected having schools admitting
girls and boys. . The final sample included 460 adolescents, 348 from rural government schools and
112 from university. The instruments used for data collection were the Kovacs’ Children Depression
Inventory (2003), Rigby and Slee’ Peer – relationship questionnaire (1993) and Sarson’ Social –
Support Questionnaire (1987). The analysis of data used t-test, correlation coefficient and regression.
The results showed that majority of the respondents were female from rural area. The mean academic
achievement of adolescents enrolled in university was better than school adolescents. More than half of
families were nuclear in structure and medium sized having three siblings with income between
` 20,000 - up to ` 2,00,000. Results for peer – relationship showed that males to a higher level were
involved in bullying and being victimized against females who used pro – social skills at higher level.
Adolescents studying in 11th class were slightly lower in bullying whereas, they were higher in
victimization and pro – social skills. Comparative mean scores showed that adolescents studying in
university were more involved in bullying and being victimized against school respondents who were
higher in pro – social skills.. From total sample 48.7 per cent adolescents received good social –
support. Female adolescents reported good number of social – support as compare to male adolescents
and were satisfied to a higher level with the support they received. Depression results revealed
variations against gender and area on various aspects of depression among adolescents. 11th standard as
well as females were more depressed as compared to their counterparts. Bullied and victimized
adolescents frequently reported more depression whereas pro – social behavior acted as protective
factor against depression. Non - satisfaction with perceived social – support lead to higher depression.
Positive significant correlation of depression existed with academic class, educational institute whereas
negatively and significant correlation with family size. Stepwise regression model for depression,
indicated that academic class, total number of people (SSQN) and number of siblings were significant
predictors of depression.
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Keywords
Economic systems, Biological phenomena, Sampling, Wells, Economics, Humus, Manpower, Marketing, Social sciences, Selection