Prevalence of depression among adolescents and contributing factors

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Date
2014
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Publisher
CCSHAU
Abstract
The study was conducted in Hisar district of Haryana state on two groups of adolescents, one having transition from school to university atmosphere and another continuing their 11th and 12th in the same school atmosphere. To draw the sample for the first group, two colleges i.e., I.C. College of Home Sciences and College of Agriculture of C.C.S. Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar were purposively selected as these institutions admit children after 10th class. To draw the rural sample, three villages namely Neoli Kala, Behbalpur and Mangali were randomly selected having schools admitting girls and boys. . The final sample included 460 adolescents, 348 from rural government schools and 112 from university. The instruments used for data collection were the Kovacs’ Children Depression Inventory (2003), Rigby and Slee’ Peer – relationship questionnaire (1993) and Sarson’ Social – Support Questionnaire (1987). The analysis of data used t-test, correlation coefficient and regression. The results showed that majority of the respondents were female from rural area. The mean academic achievement of adolescents enrolled in university was better than school adolescents. More than half of families were nuclear in structure and medium sized having three siblings with income between ` 20,000 - up to ` 2,00,000. Results for peer – relationship showed that males to a higher level were involved in bullying and being victimized against females who used pro – social skills at higher level. Adolescents studying in 11th class were slightly lower in bullying whereas, they were higher in victimization and pro – social skills. Comparative mean scores showed that adolescents studying in university were more involved in bullying and being victimized against school respondents who were higher in pro – social skills.. From total sample 48.7 per cent adolescents received good social – support. Female adolescents reported good number of social – support as compare to male adolescents and were satisfied to a higher level with the support they received. Depression results revealed variations against gender and area on various aspects of depression among adolescents. 11th standard as well as females were more depressed as compared to their counterparts. Bullied and victimized adolescents frequently reported more depression whereas pro – social behavior acted as protective factor against depression. Non - satisfaction with perceived social – support lead to higher depression. Positive significant correlation of depression existed with academic class, educational institute whereas negatively and significant correlation with family size. Stepwise regression model for depression, indicated that academic class, total number of people (SSQN) and number of siblings were significant predictors of depression.
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Keywords
Economic systems, Biological phenomena, Sampling, Wells, Economics, Humus, Manpower, Marketing, Social sciences, Selection
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