Effect of indole butyric acid on rooting and success of cuttings from bearing trees and juvenile plants of Japanese plum (Prunus salicina lindl.)
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Date
2006
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CCSHAU
Abstract
The present study is entitled as, “Effect of Indole Butyric Acid on rooting and
success of cuttings from bearing trees and juvenile plants of Japanese Plum (Prunus
salicina Lindl.)”, was conducted in Nursery of Department of Horticulture, CCS
Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar during winter season of 2003-2004. The
experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design having 3 replications in field on
juvenile and mature cuttings with 6 treatments of IBA and three planting methods.
Investigation on the effect of Indole Butyric Acid (I.B.A.) on rooting and success of
cuttings from bearing trees and juvenile plants of Japanese plum (Prunus solicina
Lindl.) were carried out during 2004-2005 on mature cuttings of grown up bearing
trees and juvenile cuttings from two years old nursery plants of plum cv. Green Gage
grown in the Experimental Orchard of Department of Horticulture at CCS HAU, Hisar
and Experimental Orchard of Department of Horticulture in college of Agriculture at
Kaul, District Kaithal, Haryana. Twenty cm. long and 5mm to 15mm thick juvenile
and mature cuttings of Japanese plum were given different treatments of Indole
Butyric Acid (IBA) @ 0, 500, 1000, 2000, 3000 and 4000 ppm by immersing basal one
third portion of these cuttings up to five centimeter and subjected to three different
treatments of planting viz. direct planting in nursery bed just after collecting and
treating with IBA, planting IBA treated cuttings in nursery beds after callusing up to
thirty days in pit, planting in nursery beds after IBA treatments and after sprouting
them in mist propagation chamber of HARSAC, Hisar keeping air temperature of
30±2ºC and relative Humidity of 80%. Different observations were recorded in 2004 to
2005. It was observed that on the basis of different observations of initiation and
completion of sprouting, number of roots per cutting, percentage of sprouting, rooting
percentage, duration of sprouting, average root length and length of largest root, NPK
and boron content in roots and content of phenolic co-factors, it can be concluded
that IBA 1000 ppm is best concentration in treating plum cuttings for rooting. Results
of IBA 1000 ppm and 2000ppm regarding percentage of rooting were at par. Rooting
was less at IBA 500 ppm and minimum in untreated control cuttings. Highest
concentration of IBA appeared inhibitory in rooting of Japanese plum cuttings. On the
basis of overall results, it was found that juvenile cuttings of plum were better than
mature cuttings. However, juvenile cuttings could not gain enough thickness up to
one year for grafting when it is used as rootstock. Plants of plum raised through
juvenile cuttings should be grown up to two years to be used as rootstocks of proper
thickness. On an average it can be inferred that direct planting in Japanese plum in
January, 2004 was better than callused planting and it was at par with mist chamber
planting. In direct planting perhaps there was less drying in handling plum cuttings
planted in January. Plum cuttings were better adapted to direct planting and there
was no need of callusing these cuttings in pit. Better results of direct planting were
probably because winter rains were there and humidity near ground around cuttings
was enough particularly when these cuttings were frequently irrigated. Temperature
at that period of taking cuttings for direct planting was congenial and optimum for
proper rooting, sprouting and growth of cuttings.
On the basis of overall observations it is concluded that rooting and
success of Japanese plum Prunus salicina L. cuttings was significantly more in direct
planting of cuttings as compared to other methods of planting. IBA 1000 ppm and IBA
2000 ppm were most effective in inducing rooting in juvenile and mature cuttings of
Japanese plum as compared to untreated control cuttings. Juvenile cuttings proved
better as compared to mature cuttings. However, juvenile cuttings could not attain
proper grafting thickness up to one year of planting. Plants of plum raised through
juvenile cuttings should be allowed to grow up to two years to be used as rootstocks of
proper thickness.