Socio-Economic Upliftment of Rural Women Under Jeevika Project of Muzaffarpur District
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Date
2016
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Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Pusa (Samastipur)
Abstract
Women constitute almost half of the population in India but they are not enjoying their freedom, equalities ,privilege at par with their male counterparts. Since implementation of planning in India several policies and approaches were made to reduce inequalities between women & men. As a result to shift from ‘welfare’ to ‘development’ to ‘empowerment’ to human development approaches has taken place to change the position & status of women. Both government & NGO’s sectors were intervening to social and economic upliftment of the women. With same objective the government of Bihar has initiated a project on rural livelihood promotion with support from World Bank. This initiative is implemented through a Society registered with government of Bihar by the name of Bihar rural livelihoods promotion society (BRLPS) or Jeevika. BRLPS through the Bihar Rural livelihoods project (BRLP) aims to improve rural livelihood options & works towards social & Economic empowerment of the rural poor and women. Focussing on the need to study and analyze how the project is affecting the rural people in enhancing their status this study has been designed with the following specific objectives.
1. To study the Socio-Economic profile of Jeevika beneficiaries.
2. To assess the knowledge level of Jeevika beneficiaries with respect to Non- Jeevika beneficiaries.
3. To ascertain the Social Upliftment of women beneficiaries.
4. To ascertain the Economic Upliftment of women beneficiaries.
5. To study the constraints faced by Jeevika beneficiaries engaged in various income generating activities.
METHODOLOGY
The present study was conducted in Sakra block of Muzaffarpur district in Bihar. Four villages were selected namely Faridpur, Rami Rampur, Rasulpur Tajo and Mansurpur. A complete list of the beneficiaries who have under gone through livelihood training on bee-keeping & system of rice intensification from Jeevika project was obtained from training centre KVK Biruali. Forty beneficiaries and forty non-beneficiaries respondents were selected for the study. Ten beneficiary and ten non-beneficiary from each village was selected thus the total eighty number of beneficiaries and non- beneficiaries were selected for the study Further ten independent variables i.e. age, caste, occupation, education, size of family, source of income, economic motivation, credit facility, risk orientation & knowledge and two dependent variables viz. Social upliftment & economic upliftment were selected to analyze the study.
The data were collected by personally interviewing the respondent with interview schedule and through observation techniques. The statistical test like frequency, average, percentage, t-test, correlation and multiple regression were used for meaningful interpretation of data.
MAJOR FINDINGS
The present study illustrates that majority of the women agro –based entrepreneur belongs to the young age group(47.5%).It is found that majority of women entrepreneurs belonging to Hindu religion & most of them backward caste. Among the women entrepreneurs majority of them having primary level of education major occupation for them was agriculture and majority of them having small size of family with 4-5 members. Agriculture and allied activities were the major source of income for most of the respondents.
Out of ten independent variables undertaken in study, eight variables caste, occupation, education, source of income, economic motivtion, risk orientation, credit facility and knowledge level were positively and significantly correlated with social upliftment of women in livelihood activities. Further eight variables namely age, occupation, education, source of income, economic motivation, risk orientation, credit facility and knowledge level were positively and significantly correlated with economic upliftment of women in livelihood activities
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