Physico-chemical properties of Palmyrah palm (Borassus flabellifer L.) fruits grown in Bhagalpur district
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Date
2017-07
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Department of Horticulture (Fruit & Fruit Technology), BAU, Sabour
Abstract
The palmyrah palm (Borassus flabellifer L) is a minor tropical fruit which belongs to family Arecaceae subfamily Borassoideae and genus Borassus. India stands first in the world in terms of its wealth of palmyrah palm with a population nearly 122 million palms (Vengaiah et al., 2012). It has great economic potential and every part of the palm is useful in one way or the other. The fruits, fruit sap, young tuberous seedlings of palmyrah palm are used as food. Despite this indisputable utility, with the exception of coconut, arecanut, date and oil palm, somewhat less attention has been given to the improvement of palms as compared to other tree crops. Palmyrah is extensively grown in Bhagalpur region mainly by the people of low income group. No systematic study on palmyrah palm has been undertaken. By keeping the above facts in the mind, an experiment entitled “ Physico-chemical properties of palmyrah palm ( Borassus flabellifer L.) Fruits grown in Bhagalpur district of Bihar” has been conducted at the Department of Horticulture (Fruit and Fruit Technology), BAC, Sabour during 2016-2017 with the objective to evaluate the physico-chemical quality of the fruit collected from Bhagalpur district. For this fruits were collected from different location and evaluation for the physical and biochemical parameters was performed.
The results revealed that the average fruit weight of different accession of palmyrah ranged from 1192 to 1480 g. Fruit length and diameter differed significantly among all the different accession of palmyrah fruit. Steed weight varied from 406.70 to 533 g while it was highest in AC-1. Maximum pulp weight was recorded in AC-1 i.e. 590 g which was at par with AC-5. Significant variation was recorded in seed weight and it was highest in AC-15 i.e. 533 g and lowest in AC-10 i.e. 406.70 g. TSS differed significantly among the different accession of palmyrah fruit and highest TSS was recorded in AC-3 (15.96 oBrix ). Maximum acidity was found in AC-3 i.e. 0.97% and minimum in AC-13. Results also revealed significant variation in Total sugar, reducing sugar and non reducing sugar among all the accession of palmyrah fruit. Result revealed that phenols, antioxidant and carotenoids have been found non significant in palmyrah fruit but fruit is good source of antioxidant and carotenoids. It was found that range of antioxidant varied from 41.88 to 68.44 µmol TE g-1 among the different accession of palmyrah fruit. These findings will help breeders to take crop improvement programme in palmyrah palm and attract growers to grow palmyrah palm at commercial level.
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