Evaluation Of Anaesthetic Protocols For Surgical Intervention In Mugger Crocodiles (Crocodylus palustris)
| dc.contributor.advisor | Sureshkumar, R. | |
| dc.contributor.advisor | William, B. Justin | |
| dc.contributor.advisor | Jayaprakash, R. | |
| dc.contributor.advisor | Thejomoorthy, P. | |
| dc.contributor.author | Simon. M., Shiju | |
| dc.contributor.author | TANUVAS | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2016-05-23T12:25:24Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2016-05-23T12:25:24Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 2010 | |
| dc.description.abstract | Crocodilians, an important group of reptiles, maintained in zoological parks and commercial farms worldwide, often require chemical restraint because of their large size and aggressive disposition. Safe and effective anaesthesia and analgesia could be challenging in reptiles because of their unique anatomy and physiology. Slow metabolic rate makes induction and recovery prolonged as compared with other mammals. There are no authenticated evaluations of anaesthetic monitoring or physiological parameters are available. Xylazine and ketamine combination provided muscle relaxation, sedation and analgesia. Acepromazine maleate is a phenothiazine derivative, rarely used for immobilization purposes; mostly it is used in combination with ketamine. Diazepam is a benzodiazepine derivative exerts potent muscle relaxant and anticonvulsant effect. Midazolam is also a benzodiazepine derivative nearly three times more potent with faster onset of action and a shorter duration of effect than diazepam. Hence this study was undertaken to evolve safe and reliable anaesthetic regimen with the hypothesis that the use of diazepam, acepromazine, midazolone as an adjunct to existing xylazine-ketamine anaesthesia could reduce the stress during anaesthesia in captive Mugger crocodiles. Twenty four crocodiles, divided into four groups of six each (group I, II, III and IV). Group I, crocodiles were premedicated with alpha-2-agonist xylazine at the dose rate of 1.5mg/kg body weight, group II, by xylazine and acepromazine combination at the dose rate of 1.5mg/kg and 0.1 mg/kg body weight, group III, by xylazine and midazolam combination at the dose rate of 1.5mg/kg body weight each and group IV, by xylazine and diazepam combination at the dose rate of 1.5mg/kg and 0.22mg/kg body weight intramuscularly, respectively. In all the groups, induction and maintenance was carried out by administration of ketamine hydrochloride at a dose of 20mg/kg body weight intramuscularly after the loss of tail reactivity to noxious stimuli. There was a highly significant decrease in the time for sedation and induction in group II (19.17 ± 1.33 and 21.83± 1.72 minutes) when compared to other three groups. There was a highly significant increase in the duration of anaesthesia and recovery in group IV (55.5 ± 1.05 minutes and 5.07 ± 0.33 hours) when compared to other three groups. Recovery was smooth and uneventful for crocodiles of all the groups. Muscle relaxation was excellent in group IV animals. There was no significant difference with respect to the hematological parameters in between the groups. Significant difference was observed for creatinine values in between the groups and highly significant rise in the intra and post-operative serum glucose values in all groups. There were highly significant difference in the serum total proteins and serum uric acid levels between all groups were noticed. In this study, group IV animals (xylazine-diazepam with ketamine) provide excellent muscle relaxation, smooth induction and recovery. So this combination could be used for all major surgeries. Xylazine and ketamine combination could be useful for minor procedures like translocation. | en_US |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://krishikosh.egranth.ac.in/handle/1/66210 | |
| dc.language.iso | en | en_US |
| dc.publisher | Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University | en_US |
| dc.sub | Veterinary Surgery and Radiology | |
| dc.subject | Crocodile anaesthesia | en_US |
| dc.subject | Xylazine | en_US |
| dc.subject | Acepromazine | en_US |
| dc.subject | Midazolone | en_US |
| dc.subject | Diazepam | en_US |
| dc.subject | ketamine | en_US |
| dc.these.type | Ph.D | |
| dc.title | Evaluation Of Anaesthetic Protocols For Surgical Intervention In Mugger Crocodiles (Crocodylus palustris) | en_US |
| dc.type | Thesis | en_US |