DEVELOPMENT OF BIODEGRADABLE TABLEWARE USING RICESTRAW
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Date
2023-05-18
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ACHARYA NG RANGA AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY
Abstract
Plastics are used to make a wide range of products. Conventional polymeric materials cannot be easily degraded in soil, which accumulates in the environment and creates threat. For this reason, it is mandatory to drive the demand for new and innovative material solutions, which should be cost-effective and environmentally biodegradable. Biodegradable and compostable tableware which is made by using agricultural by-products is significantly more environmentally-friendly than is disposable plastic tableware. India ranks second in terms of rice production. Open-burning of the rice straw in the field is a global challenge and unacceptable. Rice straw fiber has lignocellulosic characteristics so it can be considered as vital capability reinforcing filler for thermoplastic composite. Rice straw can be used to produce biodegradable tableware, which can provide a sustainable solution for straw management and reducing the usage of synthetic plastic without polluting the nature. Generally, biodegradable polymers have poor mechanical properties. To overcome this problem, plasticizers are added to provide their necessary workability.
The effect of concentrations of sorbitol (20, 30, 40 %), poly vinyl alcohol (5, 0.7, 10 %) and clove oil (0.5, 0.75,1 %) on Physico-chemical, mechanical and biodegradable properties of developed tableware was studied. Response surface methodology (RSM) was used to optimize the tensile strength, compressive strength, thickness, water absorption capacity, density, biodegradability and color. Estimated the cost of developed tableware. A central composite rotatable design (CCRD) was used for optimization. Thus obtained optimized process parameters were sorbitol concentration of 30%, poly vinyl alcohol concentration of 10% and clove oil concentration of 0.75% with the results of tensile strength, compressive strength, thickness, water absorption capacity, density, biodegradability, as 40.79 Mpa, 55.79 kgf, 1.9 mm, 14%, 0.85 g/cm3 respectively. The table ware will degrade within 70 days in soil. The cost of each plate is Rs 5 and tumbler is Rs 2.5.
Keywords: Rice straw; Biodegradable; Tableware; Sorbitol; Clove oil; Polyviny Alcohol.
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DEVELOPMENT OF BIODEGRADABLE TABLEWARE USING RICESTRAW