Genetic Divergence Studies and Molecular Characterization of Fertility Restorer Genes in Mini Core Collection of Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench]
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Date
2017-08
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University of Agricultural Science, Dharwad
Abstract
The present study using minicore collection of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) has (i) identified maintainers and restorers on Milo and Maldandi source of male sterility, (ii) characterized restorer genes using Rf linked markers, (iii) assessed genetic diversity and (iv) heterotic combinations using diallel crosses. It was conducted during rabi seasons of 2014 to 2017 at Main Agriculture Research Station, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad.
Of the 228 genotypes, 43 (25.59 %) were classified as strong restorers (R-lines) with greater than 90 per cent seedset and 22 genotypes (13.10 %) as maintainers (B-lines) with zero seedset on Milo cytoplasm. On Maldandi cytoplasm 19 genotypes (13.87 %) were strong restorers and 37 genotypes (27.01 %) were maintainers.
Xtxp250 marker (SSR marker) linked to Rf1 gene at a distance of 1200 bp clearly distinguished B-lines and R-lines on Milo cytoplasm based on the presence or absence of gene. This marker can be utilized in selection of plants with Rf1 gene in segregating populations at the seedling stage itself.
D2 analysis grouped 228 genotypes into 22 clusters. Cluster I comprised of maximum genotypes (115) followed by cluster II (45). Inter-cluster distance was maximum between the clusters III and XXI (33.50). Panicle weight contributed more towards divergence (25.64 %).
High significant standard heterosis for yield over M 35-1 was exhibited by the crosses BJV-44 × IS 31651 (54.54) and BJV-44 × IS 26025 (38.46). The significant heterosis was observed in B × R crosses rather than B × B and R × R crosses which indicate greater diversity between B and R lines. The genotype IS 31651 was found to be good general combiner for earliness and yield.