IMPACT STUDY OF PRADHAN MANTRI BHARTIYA JAN AUSADHI PARIYOJNA ON WOMEN IN MUZAFFARPUR DISTRICT OF BIHAR
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Date
2022
Authors
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Journal ISSN
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Publisher
Dr.RPCAU, Pusa
Abstract
For the benefit of people, with the goal of making India self-reliant in the field
of manufacturing quality generic drug, available at a cheap cost, Pradhan Mantri
Bhartiya Jan Ausadhi Pariyojna was launched by the department of pharmaceuticals,
ministry of chemicals and fertilizers, govt. of india in November 2008. As we know,
menstruation is a part of women‘s life and menstrual hygiene product is the basic
need for women to face this duration of menstruation. Under this scheme, Jan
Ausadhi Suvidha oxo -biodegradable Sanitary napkins were launched on August 27,
2019 as a vital step taken in safeguarding the health and security of Indian women. In
order to assess the ―Impact study of Pradhan Mantri Bhartiya Jan Ausadhi Pariyojna
on women in Muzaffarpur district of Bihar‖ Muzaffarpur district of bihar was selected
as locale of research based on convenient or purposive non-probability sampling
techniques. Two blocks Muraul and Sakra have been selected for the study, as these
blocks found with established structures of Jan Ausadhi Kendras. In Muraul block,
Pilkhi village and in Sakra block, Muhammadpur village were selected for the study
as these villages are nearby to Jan Ausadhi Kendras and sampling technique used for
the selection of research area was simple random selection of sampling method. From
each village 40 respondents were selected and all these selected respondents known to
this scheme or having experience in using Jan Ausadhi Suvidha Sanitary napkins. So,
total no. of respondents were 80 and sampling method snowball sampling technique.
Data were collected by personal interview schedule with the help of a structured
interview schedule with observation method. Further analysis of data various
statistical tools were used such as Frequency, Percentage, Mean, Standard Deviation,
Pearson‘s Product Movement Correlation, Multivariate linear regression analysis, and
Binomial Logit model. The present study revealed that majority of respondents was
adult i.e., age found between 19 years – 33 years. Most of the respondents 50% were
from Other Backward Classes (OBC) while 39% possessed by general caste
respondents followed by scheduled Caste (11%) respondents. In terms of marital
status, sixty percent of the women respondents were married. Data also revealed that
75% respondent‘s families are in Nuclear in nature while only 25% were found to be
in joint. Family size, annual income and exposure to mass media were falling under
medium level in the study locale. Approximately 78% of total families comprised
either one or two female members.
Educational status (out of total respondent‘s education level, nearly 75% of
respondents did not even qualify tenth standard (secondary education); Profession
(61.25% women are involved in farm and agriculture related activities as well as
housekeeping followed by 21.25% women used to perform housekeeping activities
while 17.5% respondents were middle school going students) ; Nutrition (70%
respondents used to take proper nutrients in their food on daily basis); Health Status
(majority 41.25% of the respondents were found in normal condition due to their
Body Mass Index (BMI index) were in normal range); Menstrual profile of the
respondents : (Mean age of Menarche of 80 respondents was 12.5 years ; maximum
47.5% respondents had 4 days of menstrual bleeding ; majority 71% of respondents
agreed that they had their regular pattern of menstrual cycle) ; Most of the
respondents have medium awareness level regarding health and hygiene , the study
also revealed that independent variables as like age were negatively correlated and
significant at 1% level with Correlation coefficient (r) -.430. Similarly, religion and
Aware PMBJP were positively correlated and significant at 5% level with Correlation
coefficient (r) 0.231 and 0.241 respectively with dependent variable i.e, Awareness
regarding health and hygiene; Majority of the respondents 65% falls into the category
of partially adopted category; Study found that almost 69% respondents were having
medium awareness level about this PMBJP scheme and 61% of the respondents were
aware about the scheme via ASHA health activists as their primary source of
information; Study revealed that 64% women respondents had medium level of
awareness and 50% respondents choosen ASHA and health activists as their primary
source of information for awareness; Regression analysis shows variable like
profession were positively significant at 1% level with respective t-value 4.049 and
variables like education and annual income were positively significant at 5 % level
with t -value 2.374 and 2.147 respectively between independent and Awareness
regarding JASSN; Majority (68.75%) of the respondents partially adopted the JASSN
and Binomial logit model shows variables like profession and annual income were
found positive significant at 5% level with wald statistics value 5.842 and 5.729
respectively and aware PMBJP was found positively significant at 10% level with
wald statistics value 3.323 that means 1 unit increase in profession and aware PMBJP,
the adoption of JASSN will increase by 42.871 times and 62.4% respectively; Social
Participation (almost 80 % respondents had medium to high social participation
during their menstruation period) and Regression analysis between independent and
social participation shows variables like profession were positively significant at 1%
level with respective t-value 2.504 and aware PMBJP were positively significant at
10% level with t-value 1.705. The findings of the study can be applied to further
assess implacability of scheme in other parts of the country. Also, findings can act as
policy making tool by the local administration for better fostering women centric
program in the region studied. The limitations of the study which left scope for future
studies can also be utilized as feedback so that policy makers can derived a feedback
mechanism and solution for smooth dissemination of government schemes to citizen.