Minimally invasive osteosynthesis for management of radius/ulna and tibial fractures in dogs.
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Date
2023-03-23
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CSK HPKV, Palampur
Abstract
The present study was done for diagnosis and classification of long bone fractures in dogs and
application of minimally invasive osteosynthesis (Supracutaneous bone plating) for management of
radius/ulna and tibial fractures in dogs. Out of total 139 cases of long bone fractures, 127 cases had
singular fracture whereas 12 cases had multiple fractures. The overall incidence of long bone fractures
was 10.15 per cent among all cases of dogs. The incidence and distribution of long bone was found
more in male dogs and in juvenile age-group. The majority cases were of non-descript dogs and
automobile accident was recorded as major singular cause of long bone fractures. Femur was the
most affected long bone with fracture (46.10 %). According to AO/ASIF classification: 12A3
(Diaphyseal simple transverse fracture) was the most common type of fracture in humerus (40%),
22A3 (Diaphyseal simple fracture of both radius and ulna) was the most common type of fracture in
radius/ulna (51.52%) and 32A3 (Diaphyseal simple transverse fracture (< 30°) was the most common
type of fractures found in femur (38.03%) and 42A3 (Diaphyseal simple transverse fracture) was the
most common type of fracture found in tibia/fibula (43.24%). Management of radius/ulna fractures
and tibia/fibula fractures was done in two phases. First, the standardization was done on dog cadaver
and then on osteomized bones. Then clinical application was done in nine fracture cases: two radius ulna and seven tibia-fibula fractures in dogs. Supracutaneous bone plating technique was used with
Locking head - limited contact-dynamic compression plate and self-tapping locking head cortical
screws. Status of fracture reduction and fracture fixation was fair to good (2-3) and all dogs had full
weight-bearing during standing as well as during walking phase at final reappraisal day. The
supracutaneous plate was tolerated well by all dogs. There was no implant related complication other
than loosening of single screw in two cases. Supracutaneous bone plating provided rigid fixation
resulting in to minimum amount of callus formation at the fracture site. The implant removal was
done under sedation without the need of general anaesthesia.