Cultivation of blue oyster mushroom [Hypsizygus ulmarius (Bull.: Fr.) Redhead] under sub-tropical zone of Himachal Pradesh
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Date
2021-10-29
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College of Horticulture and Forestry, Neri, Hamirpur
Abstract
The present investigation entitled “Cultivation of blue oyster mushroom [Hypsizygus ulmarius (Bull.: Fr.)
Redhead] under sub-tropical zone of Himachal Pradesh” was carried out in the Mushroom Research Laboratory,
Department of Plant Pathology, Dr Y. S. Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, College of Horticulture
and Forestry, Neri, Hamirpur, Himachal Pradesh during the year 2019-21. Nutritional and physiological studies
along with mycelial growth and biomass of H. ulmarius were studied on different media, different levels of pH
and temperature regimes. Among different media tested potato dextrose agar exhibited significantly higher (41.44
mm) diametric growth followed by malt extract agar (32.63 mm) medium. The biomass production of test fungus
was maximum (0.52 g) in carrot extract broth and minimum (0.04 g) was recorded in Czapek's Dox broth
medium. A pH level 8.0 and temperature 25oC was found to be optimum for the growth of H. ulmarius. Bajra
grains were found to be an excellent grain substrate for spawn preparation, as it supported faster and enhanced
growth (11 days) of test fungus followed by jowar grains (13 days). Out of seven different grain spawn evaluated
on standard substrate (wheat straw), minimum time (13.67 days) for spawn run, minimum number (20.33 days) of
days for first flush, maximum number (38.33) of sporocarps in first flush were recorded on bajra grain spawn.
However, longest (5.37 cm) stipe length, maximum (8.57 cm) cap diameter and maximum yield (768.00 g/600 g
dry substrate) exhibiting maximum (128.00 %) biological efficiency was recorded on bajra grain spawn. Out of
five spawn doses, minimum time (12.62 days) for spawn run, maximum number (42.33) of basidioma and highest
yield (794.00 g/600 g dry substrate) with 132.33 per cent biological efficiency was recorded on wheat straw
substrate spawned @5.0 per cent spawn dose. Out of seven production substrates evaluated, minimum time (14.66
days) for spawn run, first flush (20.66 days), maximum number of sporocarps (37.33) and maximum yield
(744.00 g/600 g dry substrate) with highest (124.00 %) biological efficiency was recorded on wheat straw
substrate. Moreover, longest stipe length (6.46 cm) on pine needles substrate and maximum (10.13 cm) cap
diameter was recorded on maize straw followed by wheat straw substrate. Among six additive supplements
amended in wheat straw substrate evaluated at six different doses for the production of H. ulmarius, cotton seed
hull at the rate of 10.0 per cent took minimum time (8.33 days) for spawn run and produced maximum number
(70.64) of basidioma with maximum (3537.33 g/2 Kg dry substrate) yield and high (176.87 %) biological
efficiency in comparison to wheat straw alone (123.50 %). Mustard cake supplemented with wheat straw even at
lowest (5.0 %) supplement dose completely inhibited the mycelial growth of the fungus. Commercially H.
ulmarius was cultivated on top three selected substrates and supplements with best spawn at their best doses to
analyse the yield and biological efficiency. Minimum time (9.60 days) for spawn run, maximum number (86.33)
of basidioma, highest (8999.00 g/4.0 Kg dry substrate) yield and biological efficiency (224.97 %) was recorded in
wheat straw substrate supplemented with cotton seed hull at the rate of 10.0 per cent followed by the same
substrate supplemented with gram flour (213.82 %) and rice bran (207.15 %) at same supplementation dose (10
%). The hydrogen ion concentration (pH) of the substrate decreased with the progression of the crop while,
electrical conductivity values from the zero days of spawning to 56 days of crop duration increased significantly