AMELIORATIVE EFFECT OF SODIUM NITROPRUSSIDE AND TRICHODERMA ON MORPHO-PHYSIOLOGICAL, BIOCHEMICAL AND ANTIOXIDANT ENZYME ACTIVITY IN CHICKPEA (Cicer arietinum L.) GENOTYPES UNDER DROUGHT STRESS
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Date
2016
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Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi
Abstract
Drought stress is one of the major abiotic stresses affecting plant growth and productivity globally. Keeping this in mind, the present investigation was undertaken in net house of Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi during winter session 2015-2016 to study the influence of PEG 6000 (10%) either alone or in combination with SNP and Trichoderma in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.). The experiment was laid out in Factorial Randomized Block Design (FRBD), which consisted of 8 treatments, 3 replication for each treatment, 2 varieties, and plants were subjected to these chemicals in the pots at two different growth periods- 35 and 70 DAS. Drought stress is considered a major abiotic stress affecting plant growth and productivity. PEG 10% reduced most of the morpho-physiological and biochemical attributes viz. Shoot length, root length, number of leaf per plant, root shoot length ratio, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll, nitrate reductase activity, protein content etc, but plants could sustain up drought stress when SNP and Trichoderma alone or in combination given. Length of root (cm) increased significantly with SNP (100_M), and Trichoderma (106cfu), alone or in combination, showing ameliorative effect against drought stress. Among various treatments, the maximum root length was recorded in combination of both SNP (100_M) and Trichoderma (106cfu) at 70 DAS. Length of shoot (cm) increased significantly with SNP (100__) and Trichoderma (106cfu) alone or in combination. These showed ameliorative effect against drought stress, however, SNP alone led to increase shoot length by 31.33% and 32.88% at 70 DAS in both the varieties viz. Pusa 262 and Pant G-114, respectively as compared to control. Number of leaves per plant increased significantly in combined treatment of SNP (100_M) and Trichoderma (106cfu) which showed ameliorative effect against drought stress. Among treatments, the maximum number of leaves was recorded in combination of both SNP and Trichoderma at 70 DAS. Root shoot length ratio decreased significantly with PEG 10%. And it increased significantly with SNP (100_M) and Trichoderma (106cfu), alone or in combination. These showed ameliorative effect against drought stress. Chlorophyll a, Chlorophyll b and Total Chlorophyll decreased significantly with PEG 10 %. SNP and Trichoderma recorded maximum chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and total chlorophyll at 35 DAS compared to PEG 6000 (10 %). Significant increment in proline content was observed in PEG 6000 (10%). Among treatments, SNP and Trichoderma in combination showed maximum 56.29% and
56.02% reduction in proline content 70 DAS. Protein content significantly decreased under drought stress. Among treatments, maximum reduction in protein content was recorded at 70 DAS in PEG 10% as compared to SNP and Trichoderma, when given in combination. There was a significant increment in H2O2 content in PEG 10%. SNP and Trichoderma alone or in combination, showed reduction of H2O2 contents at 35 DAS against drought stress. Nitrate reductase (NR) activity significantly decreased with drought stress, the maximum 61.29% and 68.75% reduction in NR activity was recorded at 70 DAS under drought stress. Ascorbate peroxidase (APX) activity increased in PEG 10% and this activity significantly increased by the application of SNP (100_M) in combination with PEG 10%. The minimum APX activity was recorded with SNP treatment at 35DAS. Based on the above results, it is concluded that combined treatment of SNP (100_M) and Trichoderma (106cfu) showed better response in comparison to PEG 10%, thereby ameliorating drought stress in chickpea. These results can be applied in field condition to combat drought stress. The studies could further be done to include treatment’s effect on yield attributes in chickpea.
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Keywords
Chickpea, genotypes, drought stress, ameliorative effect, Sodium nitroprusside, trichoderma, morpho-physiological, biochemical and antioxidant enzyme activity
Citation
Gupta, K. 2016. Ameliorative effect of Sodium nitroprusside and Trichoderma on Morpho-Physiological, Biochemical and Antioxidant Enzyme Activity in Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) Genotypes under Drought Stress. M. Sc. (Ag.) Thesis, Department of Plant Physiology, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, BHU, Varanasi.