Phytophagous mites and their natural enemies in different horticultural ecosystems of Himachal Pradesh
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Date
2015
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Publisher
YSPU
Abstract
Of the seventy nine species recorded in the present study, twenty one species were of phytophagous
mites and fifty eight were natural enemies. Phytophagous mites were Tetranychus urticae Koch, T. ludeni
Zacher, T. sp. nr. ludeni, T. hypogeae Gupta, T. neocaledonicus Andre, T. udaipurensis Gupta & Gupta, T.
sayedi Baker & Pritchard, T. macfarlanei Baker & Pritchard, T. sp. nr. macfarlanei, Panonychus ulmi (Koch), P. citri (McGregor), Eotetranychus frosti McGregor, Eutetranychus orientalis (Klein), Bryobia praetiosa Pritchard & Baker, Porcupinychus abutiloni Anwarullah, Brevipalpus essigi Baker, B. cucurbitae Mohansundaram, B. euphorbiae Mohansundaram, Aculus malus Zaher & Abou Awad, Aceria litchi (Keifer) and Tarsonemus sp. Of fifty eight natural enemies, forty six were predatory mites and twelve species were of predatory arthropods. Predarory mites were Amblyseius aerialis (Muma), A. largoensis (Muma), A. cucurbitae Rather, A. herbicolus (Chant), A. multidentatus (Swirski & Shechter), A. guajavae Gupta, Euseius prasadi (Chant & McMurty), E. eucalypti Ghai & Menon, E. sp. nr. ahaioensis, E. alstoniae Gupta, E. finlandicus (Oudemans), E. neococcinae Gupta, E. sp. nr. coccineae, E. delhiensis (Narayanan & Kaur), E. chitradurgae Gupta, N. paspalivorus (DeLeon), N. longispinosus (Evans), N. sp. nr. neoghanii, Typhlodromus (Anthoseius) hadii Chaudhri, T. (A.) mori Gupta, T. (A.) pruni Gupta, T. (A.) sp. nr. channabasavannai, T. (A.) himalayensis Gupta, T. (A.) darjeelingensis Gupta, T. (A.) sp. nr. darjeelingensis, Phytoseius roseus Gupta, P. maldahensis Gupta, P. sp. nr. maldahensis, P. intermedius Evans & Mcfarlanne, P. crinitus Swirski & Shechter, P. corniger Wainstein, P. kapuri Gupta, Agistemus fleschneri Summers, A. terminalis (Quayle), A. obscura Gupta, A. sp. nr. obscura, A. sp. nr. macrommatus, A. sp. nr. heterophylla, Tydeius cumini Gupta, Pronematus fleschneri Baker, Acarus gracilis Margaret, Tyrophagus putrescentiae (Schrank), Anystus baccarum (Linnaeus), Walzia darjeelingensis Gupta, Lasioseius sp., Leptus sp. Eleven species were new record. T. urticae, T. (A.) mori and T. (A.) himalayensis were relatively abundant on fruits, T. urticae, Euseius prasadi and E. delhiensis on ornamental and T. urticae, A. largoensis and E. finlandicus on vegetable crops. Maximum number of prey and predatory mites were recorded on fruits (48) followed by vegetables (25) and ornamentals (17). Maximum numbers of natural enemies were also recorded on fruits (36) as compare to vegetables (21) and ornamentals (17). The most dominant species on apple were T. urticae, P. ulmi, T. (A.) himalayensis and T. (A.) mori, whereas, on rose were T. urticae, Feltiella sp. and E. prasadi, on carnation were, T. urticae, T. ludeni and S. sexmaculatus, on cucumber were T. macfarlanei and A. largoensis and on tomato were T. ludeni and N. sp. nr. neoghanii. T. (A.) hadii and Oligota sp. were the new record on apple and rose in the state.
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Keywords
apples, predators, fruits, crops, natural enemies, seasons, vegetables, roses, nuts, planting