OPTIMIZATION OF PROCESS PARAMETERS FOR CORN OIL EXTRACTION
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Date
2016
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Acharya N.G. Ranga Agricultural University, Guntur
Abstract
The present work was undertaken to optimize the process parameters for
prepress solvent extraction of corn oil. The effects of preheating temperatures (90, 120,
150 and 180 °C) & time durations (2, 4, 6 and 8 min) on the oil yield and quality
parameters of oil (saponification value, acid value, iodine value & peroxide value)
obtained by mechanical pressing were studied. Similarly the effects of extraction
temperatures (70, 80, 90 and 100 °C) & time durations (20, 40, 60 and 80 min) on the oil
yield, quality parameters of oil and quality parameters of deoiled cake (crude protein,
crude fibre & ash contents) obtained by solvent extraction of pressed cake at optimized
condition were studied. Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was used to investigate the
optimum process conditions for prepress solvent extraction of oils and to analyze the
effects of processing variables, including preheating temperatures and time durations for
pressing and extraction temperatures and time durations for solvent extraction. Response
surface plots of dependent variables against process variables were studied. The different
regression equations describing the process variables on the yield and quality parameters
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were developed. The predicted models were adequate based on the coefficient of
determination obtained. In mechanical pressing process, the dependent variables such as
oil yield, acid value and peroxide value increased with increased preheat conditions while
saponification & iodine values were decreased. It was observed for pressing at the
optimized condition of temperature 110 °C and time 8 min gave oil yield, saponification
value, acid value, iodine value and peroxide value were found to be 42.04%, 217.40
mgKOH/g, 1.49 mgKOH/g, 100 g Iodine/100 g and 1.12 meq/kg, respectively. In solvent
extraction process, the dependent variables of oil & deoiled cake such as yield, acid value,
crude protein & crude fibre contents increased with increased process parameters while
saponification, iodine, peroxide & ash content values were decreased. It was observed for
solvent extraction at the optimized condition of temperature 82 °C, and 80 min gave oil
yield, saponification value, acid value, iodine value, peroxide value, crude protein, crude
fibre and ash content were found to be 12.37%, 219.22 mgKOH/g, 1.80 mgKOH/g, 119.40
g Iodine/100 g, 1.72 meq/kg, 25.20%, 15.25% and 6.05%, respectively. During the process
of prepress solvent extraction of oil, the oil yield was 42.04% in pressing of maize germs
and 12.37% in solvent extraction of pressed cake resulted total oil yield of 54.01% out of
total oil content of 56.50%.
Keywords: corn germ, heating temperature, yield, oil quality, deoiled cake, response
surface methodology, optimization.
Description
D5352
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