Sclerotial viability of Rhizoctonia solani Kühn in relation to incidence of web blight in moongbean and its management
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Date
2019-07
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G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand)
Abstract
Moongbean (Vigna radiata L. Wilczek) is third most important pulse crop among the thirteen food legumes grown in India which is grown in almost all the states due to its triple use as food, fodder and fertility. Moongbean crop is infected by number of diseases among them web blight caused by Rhizoctonia solani Kühn cause heavy losses and reduce the productivity of the crop specially in tarai region of Uttarakhand
where humid and warm environmental conditions prevails. The salient findings of the present investigation are summarized as follows:
Phytotoxic effect of culture filtrate of R. solani showed up to79.58% reduction in seedling length of moongbean. Different fungicides and botanicals were evaluated as seed treatments for their effect on seedling vigour and viability of sclerotia admixtured with moongbean seeds. Among fungicides vitavax power (carboxin 37.5% + thiram 37.5% WS), azoxystrobin and adexar (fluxapyroxad 62.5 g/l + epoxiconazole 62.5 g/l)
were found most effective in inhibiting mycelial growth from sclerotia. Vitavax power (carboxin 37.5% + thiram 37.5% WS) also showed highest germination per cent and vigour index. Among plant extracts thuja gave best results in suppression of mycelial growth from sclerotia and under glass house conditions showed highest germination per cent and vigour index. Neem was found most effective under in vitro condition and
resulted highest germination per cent and vigour index. Adexar (fluxapyroxad 62.5 g/l + epoxiconazole 62.5 g/l) and tebuconazole were found most effective in inhibiting radial growth of the fungus even at lower concentration. Nativo (tebuconazole 50% + trifloxystrobin 25% WG) and azoxystrobin were next in order. Adexar (fluxapyroxad 62.5 g/l + epoxiconazole 62.5 g/l) was also found effective in inhibiting viability of
sclerotia. All three fungal antagonists i.e., T. harzianum 14, T. harzianum 39 and TsM1 were found effective against R. solani. T. harzianum 39 being the best. Under field condition seed treatment with carbendazim + thiram @ 3 g/kg seed and two foliar sprays of nativo (tebuconazole 50% + trifloxystrobin 25% WG) @ 700 g/500 l/ha at 10 days interval showed highest decline in disease severity and highest grain yield
followed by seed treatment of PBA-3 @ 6 g/kg seed and two foliar sprays of nativo (tebuconazole 50% + trifloxystrobin 25% WG) @ 700 g/500 l/ha.
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