Influence of Osmopriming in Quality Seed Production of Rice (Oryza sativa L.)
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Date
2023-12-21
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Seed Science and Technology, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur, Nadia – 741252
Abstract
Rice is the most widely produced cereal crop in the world and accounts for 45-70% of the total calorie intake in many rice consuming countries. It is essential to enhance rice production in order to fulfil rising food needs and ensure a sufficient supply of food for the growing population. But poor seed germination leads to poor field establishment which ultimately results in less yield. Osmopriming is a process for priming seeds that is intended to enhance their functionality and quality.
A study was conducted during the pre-kharif season of 2022 at the C block In-check farm, Kalyani, Nadia, West Bengal to assess the effect of osmopriming on seed production of rice using a rice variety named Bidhan Suruchi (IET- 25701). The treatments for the experiment were T1= Distilled water, T2 = 15% Polyethylene glycol (PEG), T3 = 20% Polyethylene glycol (PEG), T4 = 25% Polyethylene glycol (PEG), T5 = 1% KH2PO4, T6 = 2% KH2PO4, T7 = 3% KH2PO4. Different observations were recorded like germination percentage, germination index, 50% germination time, mean germination time, germination energy, vigour index-I, fresh weight of seedling, dry weight of seedling, vigour index-II, Plant height, Days to 50 percent flowering, total number of tillers hill-1, effective number of tillers hill-1, panicle length, total number of grains panicle-1, filled grains panicle-1, test weight and seed yield. For storage different storing containers and conditions were, S1 = Cloth bag in desiccator, S2 = Aluminium foil packet, S3 = Brown Paper packet, S4 = Earthen pot, S5 = 700-gauge polythene packet, S6 = Cloth bag, S7 = Polythene packet in refrigerator and the parameters were noted like germination percentage, germination index, 50% germination time, mean germination time, germination energy, vigour index-I, fresh weight of seedling, dry weight of seedling and vigour index-II.
On the basis of inspection recorded on different components of the present experiment, findings may be explained in brief as: germination percentage (92.91), germination index (49.61), germination energy (91.58%), vigour index I (2073.84), vigour index II (770.80), yield attributing characters like number of effective tillers hill-1 (13.36), number of filled grains panicle-1 (168.66) and seed yield (687.73 g m-2) were recorded highest after seed primed in 2% KH2PO4 (T6). So, it could be considered as the best-performing priming material. KH2PO4 has a significant role in the operation of various physiological processes, enzyme activity, and nutritional accessibility, all of which improve seed vigour, germination, and seed yield. Similar to seed yield and its characteristics, 2% KH2PO4 has been found to positively affect plant growth and development, which may lead to the recommendation of 2% KH2PO4 seed priming for commercial rice production.
On the other hand, a study was conducted to observe the trend in rice seed deterioration when seeds were stored in various packaging materials and kept in ambient conditions alongside refrigerated conditions. Germination percentage declined with increasing storage duration. All storage containers and conditions maintained the required germination (80%) upto nine months of storage. However, certain containers and storage conditions only manage to maintain germination slightly more than 80% at nine months of storage, and there is a chance that lengthening the storage period in those containers would result in a reduction in germination percentage from MSCS. Though when germination potential and vigour index are taken into account together, it is found that seeds can be stored for up to nine months and longer (i.e., for long-term storage) in a refrigerator, desiccator, 700-gauge polythene packet and an aluminium foil packet because they maintained their higher quality over the course of storage. Seed storage with other containers like brown paper packet and cloth bag, leads to faster deterioration of seed quality as they are water and vapour permeable containers.