Clinical adaptation of Tiletamine and Zolazepam drug combination for conducting different diagnostic and surgical procedures in dogs
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Date
2023-02-06
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CSK HPKV, Palampur
Abstract
The study was conducted for the clinical evaluation of Tiletamine-zolazepam when used alone and in
combination with inj. atropine, inj. butorphanol and either xylazine or dexmedetomidine in 26 client owned dogs
divided into 3 groups group 1 (n=8), group 2 (n=8) and in group 3 (n=10). Dogs presented for various minor and non invasive surgical manipulation were placed in group 1 and for ovariohysterectomy were placed in groups 2 and 3. The
drug regime for group 1 (n=8) involved administration of tiletamine-zolazepam at the dose rate of 7.0 mg/kg alone
whereas inj. butorphanol @ 0.2 mg/kg and inj. atropine @ 0.04 mg/kg were used in for group 2 and 3 followed by inj.
xylazine @ 1.0 mg/kg along with tiletamine-zolazepam @ 3.3 mg/kg in group 2 and dexmedetomidine @ 10 µg/kg
along with tiletamine-zolazepam @ 4.5 mg/kg in group 3 were used. These doses were standardized after pilot trails.
All the animals received 100 per cent oxygen throughout the study period. Parameters under investigation included
intra-operative behaviour and sedation parameters in group 1 and analgo-clinical observations, cardiovascular
parameters, pulmonary parameters, haemato-biochemistry, electrolytes and recovery parameters.
Animals in all the three groups showed smooth induction with adequate muscle relaxation and analgesia.
Significant decrease in rectal temperature was noticed in all the three groups which improved during recovery. ECG
parameters did not show significant difference from physiological values in majority of animals. Significant increase
in heart rate was noticed after induction in all the three groups which came back to normal value at the end of the
study period. Non-invasive blood pressure showed non-significant increase in all the three groups initially and later
decreased lesser than the baseline value. SpO2, EtCO2 and FiCO2 values remained within the normal range throughout
the procedure. Significant decrease in respiration rate was noticed in group 2 and group 3 with no incidence of apnea.
Hematological parameters reduced non-significantly at the end of the study period when compared with baseline value
in group 2 and 3. Biochemical parameters and electrolytes did not vary significantly throughout the study period
except for glucose which showed a significant increase throughout the study period in both the groups. Recovery
period was longer in group 3. Post-operative vocalization, paddling, curling of tongue and nystagmus was noticed in
animals of group 1 and vocalization with ataxia and head bobbing was noticed in some animals of group 2 and group
3 which abolished after recovery without any adverse consequences. The above protocol used in the study provided
safe and adequate anaesthesia for different surgical manipulations that can be performed under 60 minutes in dogs.